友情的变化差异地预测了青春期朋友的决策的神经相关性
Seh-Joo Kwon1, Mitchell J Prinstein1, Kristen A Lindquist1
1Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Developmental cognitive neuroscience
|January 14, 2024
概括
友情的变化会影响青少年的冒险行为. 早期,稳定的友促进了适应性风险,但后来,新的友鼓励朋友们更大程度上冒险. 这凸显了社会决策的不断发展.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学是发展心理学.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
背景情况:
- 青春期的特点是动态的同龄人关系,经常有友的变化.
- 青少年经常在涉及同龄人的情况下做出危险的决定,但友稳定性如何影响这一点尚不清楚.
- 了解友动态和青少年决策之间的相互作用对于社会发展至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究如何改变最好的友影响青少年的适应性冒险行为随着时间的推移.
- 为了检查神经相关性,特别是杏仁体活动,与友的变化在涉及风险决策的同行相关.
- 确定友稳定性和适应性风险承担之间的关系是否从青春期早期转移到青春期后期.
主要方法:
- 一项5波纵向功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 研究,涉及173名青少年 (在基线时年龄为11.9-14.5岁).
- 参与者做出了冒险的选择,为他们的最好朋友赢钱.
- 保持友 (与同一个最好的朋友呆在一起) 与改变 (选择一个新的最好的朋友) 在波浪中被跟踪.
主要成果:
- 在青春期早期,有稳定的最好的友的青少年比那些友变化的青少年更适应性地为他们的朋友承担风险.
- 相反,在青春晚期,有新最好的朋友的青少年比那些有稳定的友的青少年更能为他们的新朋友采取更大的适应性风险.
- 在这些涉及同伴的适应性风险期间,杏仁体对友维持或改变的敏感性随着时间的推移而变化.
结论:
- 青少年为朋友承担适应性风险的能力是由同伴关系中的稳定性和变化所调节的.
- 这些发现表明,青少年如何应对社会风险的发展方式发生了转变,早期青少年倾向于稳定,而后期青少年则接受变化.
- 这些见解对理解社会动机和决策在不断发展的青少年社交网络的背景下有影响.
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