自闭症现象学:过去,现在和潜在的未来
Jonathan Green1, Nicola Shaughnessy2
1Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, and Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Frontiers in psychology
|January 15, 2024
概括
现象学对于理解自闭症至关重要,它将主观经验与科学和临床观点相结合. 未来的研究应该专注于共同构建的,经验性的自闭症现象学,以获得更好的诊断和同理心.
科学领域:
- 自闭症研究 自闭症研究
- 现象学的现象学
- 神经多样性研究 神经多样性研究
背景情况:
- 自闭症概念化处于一个过渡点,现象学将扮演一个关键角色.
- 关于自闭症的历史观点已经从早期的临床现象学转移到关注行为现象型,在很大程度上忽视了主观经验.
- 神经多样性运动和自闭症倡导的兴起刺激了对主观经验和现象学调查的重新兴趣.
研究的目的:
- 提供有关自闭症现象学观点的历史概述.
- 审查新兴的跨学科现象学工作和自闭症生活经验.
- 倡导共建的,经验性的自闭症现象学的未来.
主要方法:
- 对自闭症现象学方法的历史审查.
- 分析当代现象学研究和自闭症文学,包括生活写作.
- 临床现象学,自闭症自我宣传和公民科学的整合.
主要成果:
- 临床现象学与自闭症行为现象型研究之间的历史差异.
- 由神经多样性和倡导推动的对主观自闭症经验的兴趣复苏.
- 确定需要整合多样化的视角,以更丰富地理解自闭症.
结论:
- 将主观经验重新整合到自闭症概念化中是必不可少的.
- 开发一个共同构建的,经验性的自闭症现象学可以增强诊断鼻科和研究.
- 这种方法有望改善自闭症患者的同情心,沟通和支持创新.
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