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南太平洋岛屿的花同质化始于人类的到来

Nichola A Strandberg¹, Manuel J Steinbauer^2,3, Anna Walentowitz⁴

¹School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, UK. n.a.strandberg@soton.ac.uk.

Nature ecology & evolution

|January 15, 2024

概括

植物的同质化,植物物种的相似性越来越大,在过去的5000年里在大洋洲加速了. 人类的殖民和影响是这种生态系统变化的主要驱动力.

科学领域:

生态生态学生态生态学
古生态学古生态学
生物地理学是生物地理学.

背景情况:

全球生态系统面临同质化,原因是植物物种在不同地区的相似性越来越大.
人类的活动,如息地修改和物种引入,是这一趋势的关键驱动因素.
植物相似性的历史起源和人类前的模式在很大程度上是未知的.

研究的目的:

为了研究过去5000年南太平洋地区的植被趋势.
确定大洋洲植物均化的开始和驱动因素.
为了比较植物的相似性模式与人类定居历史.

主要方法:

来自大洋洲13个岛屿的15个地点的化石花粉记录的分析.
使用布雷-库蒂斯相似性指数来量化地点之间的植物相似性.
将同质化趋势与较高海拔地区的人类影响较小的同质化趋势进行比较.

主要成果:

在研究区域,花同质化在过去的5000年里明显增加.
与此同时,人类定居的岛屿与未定居的岛屿相比,表现出更大的植物相似性.
较高的海拔地区表现出较少的植物均化,这表明人类影响减少.

结论:

大洋洲的花同质化早于当代观测,与早期人类殖民有关.
人类活动,包括定居和生态系统修改,是长期植物社区变化的重要驱动因素.
了解历史生态趋势对于应对现代生物多样性挑战至关重要.

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