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相关概念视频

Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

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Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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Stereotype Content Model02:16

Stereotype Content Model

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The Stereotype Content Model (SCM) was first proposed by Susan Fiske and her colleagues (Fiske, Cuddy, Glick & Xu, 2002; see also Fiske, 2012 and Fiske, 2017). The SCM specifies that when someone encounters a new group, they will stereotype them based on two metrics: warmth—or that group’s perceived intent, and how likely they are to provide help or inflict harm—and competence—or their ability to carry out that objective. Depending on the warmth-competence...
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Language01:16

Language

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Language is a unique communication system that uses words and systematic rules to organize and transmit information. Unlike other forms of communication, which may involve postures, movements, odors, or vocalizations, language relies on symbols and grammar. This makes human communication distinct from that of other species, who also communicate but do not use language in the same way humans do.
Corballis and Suddendorf (2007) and Tomasello and Rakoczy (2003) highlight the role of language in...
229
Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

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The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
38
Introduction to Cognitive Psychology01:20

Introduction to Cognitive Psychology

488
Cognitive psychology is the field of psychology dedicated to examining how people think. It attempts to explain how and why we think the way we do by studying the interactions among human thinking, emotion, creativity, language, and problem-solving, as well as other cognitive processes. Cognitive psychology studies how information is processed and manipulated in remembering, thinking, and knowing.
This field emerged in the mid-20th century, following a period dominated by behaviorism, which...
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Heuristics01:21

Heuristics

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Heuristics are problem-solving strategies that use mental shortcuts to simplify decision-making. Unlike algorithms, which must be followed precisely to achieve a correct result, heuristics offer a general problem-solving framework. They save time and energy but can sometimes lead to less rational decisions.
People often rely on heuristics when faced with an overload of information, limited time, low importance of the decision, limited information, or when a heuristic readily comes to mind. For...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 5, 2025

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
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一种计算方法来识别跨语言的文化关键词.

Zheng Wei Lim1, Harry Stuart1, Simon De Deyne2

  • 1School of Computing and Information Systems, University of Melbourne.

Cognitive science
|January 16, 2024
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

本研究介绍了一种计算方法,通过比较跨语言的单词频率来识别具有文化意义的关键词. 该方法通过使用文本数据和词汇关联实验,成功地确定了独特的文化术语.

关键词:
这是跨语言的.一个词典词典.语义学 是一个语义学.一个词的关联词的关联.

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Last Updated: Jul 5, 2025

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科学领域:

  • 语言学的语言学.
  • 计算社会科学 计算社会科学
  • 文化心理学 文化心理学

背景情况:

  • 文化细微差别通常嵌入语言中,特定的关键词反映了一个社会的独特特征.
  • 以前对具有文化意义的单词的识别主要依赖于定性语言分析.
  • 像俄罗斯的"душа" (灵魂),印度尼西亚的"hati" (心脏) 和荷兰的"gezellig"这样的关键词被认为是文化上的揭示.

研究的目的:

  • 提出和验证一种定量方法,用于跨语言识别特定文化关键词.
  • 证明词语使用的计算分析可以补充传统的语言方法.
  • 探索在语言体和词汇关联数据中比较单词频率的实用性.

主要方法:

  • 开发了一种计算方法来比较不同语言的单词频率.
  • 应用该方法来分析大型语言群体.
  • 使用词汇关联数据来证实体分析中的发现.

主要成果:

  • 计算方法成功地识别了文化特定的单词,包括明显的例子 (例如,荷兰语的"阿姆斯特丹") 和不那么明显的例子 (例如,印尼语的"hati").
  • 语言体和词汇关联数据为识别的文化突出词汇提供了融合的证据.
  • 该研究表明了定量跨语言比较的有效性.

结论:

  • 单词频率的计算分析是一种可行的方法,用于识别具有文化意义的关键词.
  • 将语料库数据与行为实验 (词汇关联) 结合起来,可以加强对文化关键词的识别.
  • 这种定量方法为跨文化词汇分析的传统定性语言方法提供了有价值的补充.