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相关概念视频

Transfer RNA Synthesis02:36

Transfer RNA Synthesis

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One of the unique features of tRNA is the presence of modified bases. In some tRNAs, modified bases account for nearly 20% of the total bases in the molecule. Altogether, these unusual bases protect the tRNA from enzymatic degradation by RNases.
Each of these chemical modifications is carried by a specific enzyme, post-transcription. All of these enzymes have unique base and site-specificity. Methylation, the most common chemical modification, is carried by at least nine different enzymes, with...
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Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases00:58

Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases

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RNA Polymerase (RNAP) is conserved in all animals, with bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic RNAPs sharing significant sequence, structural, and functional similarities. Among the three eukaryotic RNAPs, RNA Polymerase II is most similar to bacterial RNAP in terms of both structural organization and folding topologies of the enzyme subunits. However, these similarities are not reflected in their mechanism of action.
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
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RNA Editing02:23

RNA Editing

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RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
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RNA Structure01:19

RNA Structure

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The basic structure of RNA consists of a string of ribonucleotides attached by phosphodiester bonds. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three...
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tRNA Activation02:26

tRNA Activation

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Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are present in both eukaryotes and bacteria. Though eukaryotes have 20 different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases to couple to 20 amino acids, many bacteria do not have genes for all of these aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Despite this, they still use all 20 amino acids to synthesize their proteins. For instance, some bacteria do not have the gene encoding the enzyme that couples glutamine with its partner tRNA. In these organisms, one enzyme adds glutamic acid to all of the...
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Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

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Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
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相关实验视频

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DNAzyme-dependent Analysis of rRNA 2&#8217;-O-Methylation
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DNAzyme-dependent Analysis of rRNA 2’-O-Methylation

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通过RNase 2/EDNN进行tRNA选择性分裂的结构决定因素.

Jiarui Li1, Xincheng Kang1, Irene Guidi1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.

Structure (London, England : 1993)
|January 16, 2024
PubMed
概括

RNase 2 选择性地分裂tRNA,产生tRNA衍生碎片 (tRF),这对于免疫调节至关重要. 了解这种RNase 2特异性为免疫和传染病提供了潜在的治疗策略.

关键词:
裂变部位的位置蛋白质-RNA结合的结合对于RNases来说,这是一个很好的方法.基质选择性 基质选择性tRFsRFs是什么意思这是一个tRNARNA.

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Analysis of RNA Processing Reactions Using Cell Free Systems: 3' End Cleavage of Pre-mRNA Substrates in vitro
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Sample Preparation for Mass Spectrometry-based Identification of RNA-binding Regions
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Analysis of RNA Processing Reactions Using Cell Free Systems: 3' End Cleavage of Pre-mRNA Substrates in vitro
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科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
  • 生物化学 生化学

背景情况:

  • tRNA衍生碎片 (tRFs) 是免疫反应的关键调节者.
  • RNase A 超级家族成员影响tRF 种群.
  • 以前的研究表明RNase 2在细胞内选择性tRNA分裂中的作用.

研究的目的:

  • 确认和描述RNase 2在tRNA上的体外分裂模式.
  • 为了确定RNase 2的特定裂变点和序列偏好.
  • 阐明RNase 2和tRNA结构之间的分子相互作用.

主要方法:

  • 在实验室中使用合成tRNA,突变变体和RNA/DNA发针进行裂解分析.
  • 测序tRF产品以确定裂变点.
  • 分子动力学 (MD) 模拟用于预测蛋白质-发针复合体.

主要成果:

  • 在tRNA分裂过程中,RNase 2在B1 (U/C) 和B2 (A) 位点表现出基因特异性.
  • 对于RNase 2的特定区域 (α1,循环3,循环4,β6) 和残留物 (Arg36,Asn39,Gln40,Asn65,Arg68,Arg132) 是对抗环的识别至关重要的.
  • MD模拟提供了对RNase 2-tRNA相互作用的见解.

结论:

  • RNase 2 精确地在特定位置分裂tRNA,产生不同的tRF.
  • 这些已识别的相互作用对于RNase 2识别tRNA反子循环至关重要.
  • 这种对RNase 2介导的tRF生成的详细理解可以为免疫相关和传染性疾病的治疗开发提供信息.