极端的热量降低了宿主和寄生虫的表现,在蝶-寄生虫相互作用中
Isabella G Ragonese1,2, Maya R Sarkar3, Richard J Hall1,2,4
1Odum School of Ecology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
Proceedings. Biological sciences
|January 16, 2024
概括
极端的热量会对君主蝶及其寄生虫Ophryocystis elektroscirrha产生负面影响. 温度升高可能会减少君主蝶种群和寄生虫感染,影响生态系统服务.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 气候变化生物学 气候变化生物学
- 寄生虫学的寄生虫学
背景情况:
- 环境温度是影响昆虫生理学,健康和宿主-寄生虫相互作用的关键因素.
- 气候变暖可能会改变宿主寄生虫的动态,影响疾病传播,对生态服务和人类健康产生影响.
研究的目的:
- 实验性地研究受控温度对君主蝶 (Danaus plexippus) 和它们的原生虫寄生虫 (Ophryocystis elektroscirrha) 适应性的影响.
- 了解不同温度如何影响君主的发育,生存,大小,免疫功能和寄生虫感染动态.
主要方法:
- 公主蝶和Ophryocystis elektroscirrha受到5次恒温处理,温度从18°C到34°C不等.
- 测量的主要指标包括君主发育时间,生存率,身体大小,免疫反应以及寄生虫感染的强度和流行率.
主要成果:
- 在最高温度 (34°C) 时,君主蝶的大小和生存率显著下降.
- 在34°C时,寄生虫感染的概率也急剧下降,这表明宿主和寄生虫的性能下降.
- 在极端高温下没有感染的原因是寄生虫入侵和复制的热量限制,而不是加强宿主免疫力.
结论:
- 高温,特别是超过当前热极值的温度,可以对君主蝶和Ophryocystis elektroscirrha的健康产生负面影响.
- 在极端高温下降低的寄生虫感染率可能部分抵消高温对君主种群的负面影响.
- 气候变化引起的温度升高可能会通过影响宿主-寄生虫相互作用来改变君主蝶的繁殖和分布.
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