肠道微生物群通过迷宫依赖的葡萄糖类-1信号传递来调节运动
Tzu-Ting Lai1,2, Yu-Hsuan Tsai1,2, Chia-Wei Liou1,2
1Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Rd., Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
NPJ biofilms and microbiomes
|January 16, 2024
概括
肠道微生物影响运动. 特定的细菌通过影响肠道激素,如葡萄糖类-1 (GLP-1) 和神经通路来调节运动,影响宿主的行为.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
背景情况:
- 机动活动受到肠道信号的影响,涉及营养感应受体,肠道激素和肠道微生物群.
- 肠道微生物群控制的内分泌信号调节运动的精确机制在很大程度上是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 阐明肠道微生物群在通过肠-大脑内分泌和神经通路调节宿主运动活动中的作用.
主要方法:
- 给小鼠服用广谱和选择性抗生素以改变肠道微生物群的组成.
- 测量了运动运动活动,血清葡萄糖类-1 (GLP-1) 水平,以及神经传播.
- 利用GLP-1受体阻断和阴道通路干预措施.
- 被特定肠道细菌 (Lactobacillus reuteri 和 Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron) 殖民的无菌小鼠.
主要成果:
- 抗生素治疗导致运动减少,GLP-1水平增加.
- 阻断GLP-1受体或阴道传播恢复了抗生素治疗小鼠的正常运动.
- 选择性抗生素治疗增加了GLP-1和减少了运动.
- 使用特定微生物的殖民使GLP-1水平正常化,并恢复了运动.
结论:
- 肠道微生物通过肠内分泌和阴道依赖的神经通路调节宿主运动行为.
- 特定的肠道细菌,如Lactobacillus reuteri和Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron,调节GLP-1的分泌并影响运动活动.
相关概念视频
Enteric Nervous System: Regulation of GI Motor Activity
393
The Enteric Nervous System (ENS) plays a pivotal role in regulating gastrointestinal or GI motor activity. This complex network of nerves, deeply embedded within the gut wall, responds to changes in the gut environment and receives input from both the autonomic nervous system and the central nervous system. By doing so, the ENS operates various programs tailored to the body's nutritional status and needs.
During periods of fasting, the ENS initiates the migrating myoelectric complex, a...
During periods of fasting, the ENS initiates the migrating myoelectric complex, a...
393
Gastric Motility
742
Gastric motility is the coordinated contraction and relaxation of stomach muscles that convert ingested food into chyme, a semi-liquid substance ready for further digestion in the intestines. The process begins with the vagus nerve inducing the relaxation of the smooth muscles in the fundus and body of the stomach, allowing these regions to expand and accommodate up to approximately 1.5 liters of food and liquid.
Peristaltic Waves and Chyme Formation
Upon food entry, the stomach initiates...
Peristaltic Waves and Chyme Formation
Upon food entry, the stomach initiates...
742
Hormonal Regulation
43.5K
Hormones regulate a significant portion of digestion through activation of the neuroendocrine system. The neuroendocrine system of digestion contains many different hormones all with multiple functions that are both, directly and indirectly, involved in digestion.
43.5K
Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders
369
Gastrointestinal or GI motility disorders are characterized by irregular gastrointestinal tract movements, disrupting food transit from the mouth to the anus. They are caused by damage or dysfunction in gut muscles or nerves. These disorders can cause symptoms such as severe constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and swallowing difficulties. Disorders can affect any segment of the GI tract and range widely in severity, from common conditions like GERD to life-threatening conditions like...
369
Regulation of the Digestive System
604
Digestive activity regulation hinges on three primary components. Activation is prompted by a multitude of mechanical and chemical indicators, primarily detected by receptors within the stomach and intestines' walls. These receptors predominantly respond to factors such as mechanical stretching of the organ walls, changes in pH and osmolarity, and the presence of digesting materials and their by-products.
The effectors in this regulation system are glands and smooth muscles. Activation of...
The effectors in this regulation system are glands and smooth muscles. Activation of...
604
Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists
325
Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
325


