解决全球中风流行病学上的差异
Morgan L Prust1, Rachel Forman2, Bruce Ovbiagele3
1Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. morgan.prust@yale.edu.
Nature reviews. Neurology
|January 16, 2024
概括
高收入国家中风负担正在下降,但低收入和中等收入国家中风负担正在上升,这凸显了全球健康差距的巨大差异. 解决这些不平等问题需要改善全球的监测,研究和可访问的中风护理服务.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 神经学 神经学
背景情况:
- 在全球范围内,中风是导致死亡和残疾的主要原因,高收入国家 (HICs) 的负担正在下降.
- 相反,低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 由于流行病学和社会经济变化,面临着快速增长的中风负担.
- 在中风流行病学方面,在跨种族,种族,社会经济和地理位置的HIC中也存在显著的差异.
研究的目的:
- 突出全球中风负担中未得到充分承认的差异.
- 强调中风风险因素和服务交付差距的不断变化的格局.
- 倡导对LMIC和HIC进行细分分析和适合环境的能力建设.
主要方法:
- 本综述综合了当前的流行病学数据,并确定了中风负担的差异.
- 它分析了全球风险因素的转变以及中风护理服务的关键差距.
- 该审查审查了解决中风流行病学和护理方面的不平等问题的策略.
主要成果:
- 全球中风负担发生了转变,中风发生率在LMICs中增加,与HICs的下降形成鲜明对比.
- 在国家内部和国家之间,中风风险因素和结果存在显著差异.
- 在中风服务提供和获得护理方面的差距显著,特别是在资源不足的地区.
结论:
- 解决中风差异需要采取多方面的方法,包括加强流行病学监测和特定环境的研究.
- 发展全球中风护理工作人员,扩大获得预防和治疗服务的机会至关重要.
- 扩大基于证据的战略和政策是减轻地方,国家,区域和全球中风不平等的关键.
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