扬声器和示例变异性对儿童跨境情境词语学习的影响
Kimberly Crespo1, Haley Vlach2, Margarita Kaushanskaya3
1Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA. kcrespo@bu.edu.
Psychonomic bulletin & review
|January 16, 2024
概括
孩子 孩子 孩子 孩子
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 语言学的语言学.
背景情况:
- 交叉情境单词学习 (XSWL) 是儿童通过跟踪单词参考统计数据来获得新单词的关键机制.
- 之前的研究还没有充分探讨不同扬声器或对象示例等可变输入如何影响XSWL.
- 了解这些因素对于解释自然主义词汇获取至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究示例变异性和说话者变异性的影响,分别和结合,对儿童的跨情境词语学习.
- 确定XSWL机制是否可以适应复杂的,自然主义的输入变化.
主要方法:
- 典型的发育,说英语,单语的儿童参加了XSWL任务.
- 该研究操纵了输入中的对象样本变化和扬声器变化.
- 在低和高可变性条件下评估了儿童的词汇学习.
主要成果:
- 单独的扬声器变异性和样本变异性都没有显著影响儿童的XSWL表现.
- 发言人和对象样本的同时变化显著阻碍了单词学习.
- 这表明与处理多个输入变化源相关的成本.
结论:
- XSWL机制可能支持更广泛的分类和泛化,超出了简单的词对象映射.
- 儿童的单词学习对单个可变性来源有很强的抵抗力,但对组合输入变化有很大的困难.
- 这项研究提供了关于语言学习机制在复杂的自然环境中的可扩展性的见解.
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