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减少碳水化合物干预治疗肥胖和减少妊娠期糖尿病 (RECORD):一个随机对照可行性试验
Moscho Michalopoulou1, Susan A Jebb1, Lucy H MacKillop2,3
1Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Diabetes, obesity & metabolism
|January 17, 2024
概括
这项研究在孕妇中发现了低碳水化合物饮食计划的高保留率,但实际的碳水化合物减少不足以预防妊娠糖尿病. 发现了坚持的挑战,影响了该计划的有效性.
科学领域:
- 产科和妇科 产科和妇科
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 孕期糖尿病 (GDM) 是怀孕期间的一个重大问题,尤其对肥胖女性来说.
- 饮食干预对于管理GDM风险至关重要.
- 以前的研究已经探讨了碳水化合物限制,但可行性和遵守仍然是关键挑战.
研究的目的:
- 评估低碳水化合物饮食计划的可行性和可接受性,旨在降低高风险孕妇的GDM风险.
- 评估参与者对饮食干预措施的保留和坚持.
- 探索对血糖控制和母亲/新生儿结局的潜在影响.
主要方法:
- 一项随机对照试验,涉及51名孕妇 (BMI≥30 kg/m2,<20周孕期) 进行正常基线口服葡萄糖耐受性测试 (OGTT).
- 参与者被随机分为2:1进行干预 (130-150克碳水化合物/天) 或对照组,直到分娩.
- 通过采用饮食,保留 (第二次OGTT完成) 和定性访谈来评估可行性;二次结果包括血糖,体重增加和孕产妇/新生儿数据.
主要成果:
- 观察到高保留率 (96%),表明可行的研究过程.
- 干预组的平均碳水化合物摄入量为190.4g/天,比起起始值 (-24.6g/天) 略有减少.
- 参与者发现饮食是可以接受的,但报告了与竞争优先事项相关的坚持障碍;注意到对血糖控制和体重增加的初步有利影响,但没有统计学意义.
结论:
- 该研究表明,参与者保留率很高,这表明干预的可行性.
- 实现的碳水化合物减少不足以实现预防GDM的计划目标.
- 需要进一步的研究,以优化饮食干预措施,以确保在GDM预防中的坚持和有效性.
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