癌症统计,2024 年
Rebecca L Siegel1, Angela N Giaquinto1, Ahmedin Jemal2
1Surveillance Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
CA: a cancer journal for clinicians
|January 17, 2024
概括
几种主要癌症的癌症发病率正在上升,威胁到死亡率下降. 不平等仍然存在,特别是在黑人和美洲原住民人群中,需要增加预防和平等的治疗机会.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 美国癌症协会每年追踪美国的癌症统计数据.
- 自1991年以来,由于减少吸烟,早期发现和改善治疗方法,癌症死亡率有所下降.
- 然而,最近的趋势显示,几种癌症的发病率越来越高,对这些收益构成威胁.
研究的目的:
- 介绍2024年最新的美国癌症统计数据,包括预计的病例和死亡.
- 通过2021年分析癌症发病率和死亡率的趋势.
- 突出癌症结果的差异,并确定干预的领域.
主要方法:
- 利用中央癌症登记处的发病率数据 (到2020年).
- 来自国家卫生统计中心的就业死亡率数据 (截至2021年).
- 分析了基于人口的癌症发生率和结果.
主要成果:
- 预计2024年在美国有2,001,140例新的癌症病例和611,720例死亡.
- 癌症死亡率在2021年下降,自1991年以来避免了超过400万例死亡.
- 乳腺,胰腺,子宫体,前列腺,肝脏,脏,与HPV相关的口腔癌和黑色素瘤 (2015-2019) 的发病率增加.
- 结肠直肠癌的发病率在年轻人中增加,成为这一人口中的首要死亡原因.
- 显著的差异仍然存在:与白人相比,黑人患前列腺癌,胃癌和子宫癌的死亡率翻了一番;与白人相比,美国原住民患肝癌,胃癌和癌的死亡率翻了一番.
结论:
- 尽管总体死亡率下降,但主要癌症的发病率上升和持续的差异威胁着进展.
- 迫切需要增加对癌症预防和公平治疗的投资,特别是美国印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民和黑人人口.
- 解决这些趋势对于继续在癌症控制方面取得国家进展至关重要.
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