快速和融合的经典模拟证明量子计算的实用性在故障容忍之前的证据
Tomislav Begušić1, Johnnie Gray1, Garnet Kin-Lic Chan1
1Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Science advances
|January 17, 2024
概括
量子系统的经典模拟现在比量子实验更快,更准确. 先进的张量网络算法优于量子模拟对被的伊辛模型,提供更好的准确性和效率.
科学领域:
- 量子信息科学 量子信息科学
- 凝聚物质物理学 凝聚物质物理学
- 计算物理 计算物理
背景情况:
- 量子模拟的目的是模拟超出经典范围的复杂量子系统.
- 最近的实验在127个量子位上模拟了被的Ising模型,推动了经典模拟的极限.
研究的目的:
- 将经典模拟方法的效率和准确性与最近的量子实验进行比较.
- 确定当前量子模拟实验的局限性,并建议改进.
主要方法:
- 利用了近似的经典方法,包括稀疏的保利动力学和张量网络算法.
- 采用混合的施罗丁格-海森堡张量网络方法与贝特自由信念传播.
- 实现了高有效债券尺寸 (>16,000,000) 以准确计算预期值.
主要成果:
- 经典方法模拟了被的伊辛模型,可观测的数量级比量子实验更快.
- 在可观测值中达到<0.01的绝对精度,超过了没有外推的实验精度.
- 在实验数据的推断方法中发现了不准确的情况.
结论:
- 大致的经典模拟,特别是张量网络方法,对于特定的量子模型是非常有效的.
- 经典的模拟技术可以为某些问题提供比当前的量子实验更准确和更有效的结果.
- 未来的量子实验应该设计为增加经典硬度,挑战模拟能力.
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