灵长类动物的早期生命逆境:行为,内分泌和神经效应
Do P M Tromp1, Andrew S Fox2, Marissa K Riedel3
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; HealthEmotion Research Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
Psychoneuroendocrinology
|January 17, 2024
概括
子的早期生活逆境,特别是母亲分离和同龄人抚养,导致显著的行为变化和氧化水平降低. 这些影响与大脑结构的改变有关,强调了母亲在发育中的关键作用.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 灵长类动物学 灵长类动物学
背景情况:
- 早期的生活逆境与不适应的行为和与压力相关的精神病理学有关.
- 由于婴儿长期依赖,母亲的照顾对于灵长类动物的正常发育至关重要.
- 了解早期养育逆境的后果,可以为发展轨迹提供信息.
研究的目的:
- 研究母亲分离和同伴抚养对年轻子的行为,内分泌功能和大脑结构的影响.
- 探索早期生活养育经验与生理和神经系统的变化之间的关系.
- 评估母亲剥夺对应激反应和社会行为的影响.
主要方法:
- 研究了50只年轻的 rhesus 子,比较母亲抚养 (MR) 和同伴抚养 (PR) 组.
- 评估对威胁的行为反应,血和脑脊液 (CSF) 皮质醇,催产素和皮质激素释放激素 (CRH).
- 利用多式神经成像,包括DTI,fMRI和PET进行结构和功能大脑分析.
主要成果:
- 同龄人抚养的子在受到威胁时表现出较少的结和更多的自我指导行为.
- 在同伴养的动物中观察到CSF氧化水平降低,但皮质醇或CRH没有差异.
- 扩散张力成像显示,同行养子的白质密度下降.
- 相关性分析表明,平行,独立的机制调解了同行抚养的影响.
结论:
- 母亲的抚养对于发展大脑,行为和激素系统至关重要,这些系统对于社会功能至关重要.
- 孕产妇贫困的影响是由多个独立的途径介导的.
- 这些发现解释了在早期生活逆境后的行为和生物变化的异质性.
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