使用新型工作暴露矩阵 (JEM) 将消防暴露与肺功能联系起来
David G Goldfarb1,2,3,4, David J Prezant5,2, Rachel Zeig-Owens5,2,4
1Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA david.goldfarb@fdny.nyc.gov.
Occupational and environmental medicine
|January 17, 2024
概括
消防员暴露于烟雾颗粒与随着时间的推移而降低的肺功能有关. 最近的暴露显示出更强烈的负面影响,特别是对于那些以前接触过世界贸易中心的人来说.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 肺部医学 肺部医学
背景情况:
- 消防员暴露于非野火事件的烟雾颗粒并没有得到很好的描述.
- 了解这些暴露对于评估职业健康风险至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估烟雾颗粒暴露与消防员肺功能之间的关联.
- 调查烟雾暴露对肺部健康的长期和短期影响.
主要方法:
- 利用一种新的工作暴露矩阵来估计从2010年到2021年的常规消防颗粒暴露 (P).
- 采用线性混合效应建模来评估一秒内强制呼气体积的变化 (FEV1).
- 对包括年龄,种族,身高,吸烟状态和体重在内的共变量进行控制.
主要成果:
- 在随访期间,每1000公斤颗粒暴露与FEV1的13.34毫升下降有关.
- 在测试后3个月内的暴露显示出更强烈的关联,有1000公斤的颗粒与26.87毫升FEV1的减少有关.
- 曾经接触过世界贸易中心的个人在最近接触颗粒物和减少FEV1.1之间表现出更明显的关联.
结论:
- 烟雾颗粒暴露显示了与肺功能的短期和长期温和的负面联系.
- 之前的世界贸易中心高暴露可能会改变随后的烟雾暴露对肺功能的影响.
- 需要进一步的研究来区分衰老,常规消防和WTC暴露对消防员肺部健康的影响.
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