意大利的婴儿死亡率:巨大的地理和种族不平等
Silvia Simeoni1, Luisa Frova2, Mario De Curtis3
1ISTAT, Direzione Centrale Per Le Statistiche Sociali E Il Welfare, Servizio Sistema Integrato Salute, Assistenza e Previdenza, Istituto Nazionale Di Statistica, Rome, Italy. silvia.simeoni@istat.it.
Italian journal of pediatrics
|January 17, 2024
概括
意大利的婴儿死亡率对外国儿童和南方儿童来说更高. 新生儿呼吸困难是关键因素,特别是在2020年Covid-19大流行浪潮期间.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 人口统计学 人口统计学
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 新生儿和婴儿死亡率是医疗保健和社会发展的关键指标.
- 本研究研究了意大利 (2016-2020年) 的死亡率趋势,重点关注公民身份和地区差异.
- 特别分析了2020年Covid-19大流行对死亡率的影响.
研究的目的:
- 分析意大利新生儿,新生儿后和婴儿死亡率的趋势和差异.
- 为了比较意大利和外国父母的孩子之间的死亡率.
- 调查区域差异 (北方与南方) 和主要死亡原因,包括在Covid-19大流行期间.
主要方法:
- 利用了意大利国家统计局 (2016-2020年) 的数据.
- 使用常规定义计算死亡率,使用死亡率比率比较群体.
- 采用Poisson日志线性回归模型来分析与国籍,居住地和年份有关的死亡原因.
主要成果:
- 2020年,外国儿童的新生儿死亡率比意大利儿童高55%.
- 与北方相比,意大利南部的婴儿死亡率大约高出70%左右.
- 第一个Covid-19浪潮 (2020年3月至6月) 导致死亡率增加,主要是由于新生儿呼吸困难,而不是SARS-CoV-19.
结论:
- 在意大利,新生儿和婴儿死亡率存在显著和持久的不平等.
- 北方和南方地区之间存在明显的差异.
- 意大利和外国儿童死亡率的差异仍然存在.
相关概念视频
Bias in Epidemiological Studies
274
Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:
274
Confounding in Epidemiological Studies
170
Confounding in statistical epidemiology represents a pivotal challenge, referring to the distortion in the perceived relationship between an exposure and an outcome due to the presence of a third variable, known as a confounder. This variable is associated with both the exposure and the outcome but is not a direct link in their causal chain. Its presence can lead to erroneous interpretations of the exposure's effect, either exaggerating or underestimating the true association. This...
170
Anatomy of the Intestines
72.0K
Although digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids may begin in the stomach, it is completed in the intestine. The absorption of nutrients, water, and electrolytes from food and drink also occurs in the intestine. The intestines can be divided into two structurally distinct organs—the small and large intestines.
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
72.0K
Relative Risk
174
Relative risk (RR) is a statistical measure commonly used in epidemiology to compare the likelihood of a particular event occurring between two groups. This metric is important for evaluating the relationship between exposure to a specific risk factor and the probability of a particular outcome. It plays a crucial role in medical research, public health studies, and risk assessment. Relative risk quantifies how much more (or less) likely an event is to occur in an exposed group compared to an...
174
Prevalence and Incidence
534
In statistical epidemiology and health sciences, two essential metrics—prevalence and incidence—are fundamental for understanding disease dynamics within a population. These measures enable public health officials, epidemiologists, and researchers to assess the burden of diseases, allocate resources effectively, and design impactful public health policies and interventions.
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
534
Applications of Life Tables
67
Life tables are versatile across various fields, providing a quantitative basis for analyzing mortality and survival rates. Whether used by demographers, actuaries, epidemiologists, or sociologists, life tables offer valuable insights into the dynamics of life and death, facilitating informed decisions in public health, insurance, conservation, and beyond. Their broad applicability highlights the interconnectedness of demographic data with practical outcomes in everyday life and strategic...
67


