儿童和青少年使用抗抑郁药的脑震荡症状和神经认知表现
Mary M Daley, David R Howell, Corey J Lanois
1University of New England, Biddeford, ME.
Medicine and science in sports and exercise
|January 18, 2024
概括
患有抑郁症或焦虑症的年轻运动员与健康同龄人相比,脑震荡症状翻了一番,无论他们是否使用抗抑郁药. 这种心理健康状况会影响伤害后的症状负担和认知功能.
科学领域:
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 以前存在的抑郁症和焦虑症与脑震荡后症状严重程度的增加有关.
- 抗抑郁药物对脑震荡结果的影响在年轻运动员中仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较创伤前和创伤后脑震荡症状得分和神经认知性能.
- 评估服用抗抑郁药的患有抑郁症/焦虑症的运动员与健康对照者以及不服用抗抑郁药的患有抑郁症/焦虑症的运动员.
主要方法:
- 对49270名初中和高中运动员 (2009-2018) 的横截面研究.
- 使用计算机化神经认知评估 (即时脑震荡后评估和认知测试[IMPACT]).
- 分析了在基线和伤害后的症状得分和神经认知表现,使用ANOVA,Tukey和Fisher的精确测试,并对混因子进行多变量回归.
主要成果:
- 与健康对照组相比,患有抑郁症/焦虑症的运动员的平均总症状得分超过健康对照组的两倍,而不管他们是否服用抗抑郁药.
- 没有观察到显著的基线神经认知差异.
- 抑郁症/焦虑症与视觉记忆和视觉运动评分的轻微但显著的损伤后下降有关.
结论:
- 与健康对照人相比,患有抑郁症/焦虑症的年轻运动员在脑震荡前后都报告了明显更高的症状负担.
- 抗抑郁药的使用并没有改变抑郁症/焦虑症运动员的症状负担增加.
更多相关视频
10:31A Multi-Modal Approach to Assessing Recovery in Youth Athletes Following Concussion
Published on: September 25, 2014
13.5K
07:02An Investigation of the Effects of Sports-related Concussion in Youth Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and the Head Impact Telemetry System
Published on: January 12, 2011
15.9K
相关概念视频
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
68
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
68
Antidepressant Drugs: Tricyclics, SSRIs, and SNRIs
394
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs), including Desipramine (Norpramin), Imipramine (Tofranil), Clomipramine (Anafranil), and Amitriptyline (Elavil), inhibit serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake and also block other receptors. They are used for depression, pain conditions, and insomnia. Common adverse effects include anticholinergic effects, sedation, orthostatic hypotension, and weight gain. They have a narrow therapeutic window and so require plasma-level monitoring. Abrupt discontinuation can...
394
Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents
237
Atypical antidepressants, including bupropion (Wellbutrin), mirtazapine (Remeron), nefazodone (Serzone), trazodone (Desyrel), and vilazodone (Viibryd), offer unique mechanisms of action. Bupropion weakly inhibits dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake, aiding depression treatment and smoking cessation, with a low risk of sexual dysfunction. Mirtazapine enhances serotonin and norepinephrine neurotransmission, leading to sedation, increased appetite, and weight gain. As a result, it helps treat...
237
Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists
126
Cognitive enhancers, also known as "smart drugs," are substances used to enhance memory, mental alertness, and concentration. These can be natural or synthetic and improve cognition in conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Some common examples include caffeine, amphetamines, methylphenidate, modafinil, arecoline, donepezil, vortioxetine, and piracetam. These enhancers work on the principle of synaptic plasticity and altered circuit function.
126
Long-term Depression
2.5K
Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Calcium Ion Concentration Mechanism
If over...
Calcium Ion Concentration Mechanism
If over...
2.5K
Electroconvulsive Therapy
41
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or shock therapy, remains a critical biomedical intervention for severe, treatment-resistant depression. While its origins can be traced back to Hippocrates' observations that malaria-induced convulsions alleviated mental illness, modern ECT has evolved significantly from its earlier, more primitive applications. First introduced in 1938 by Ugo Cerletti and his colleagues, ECT involves inducing controlled seizures using electrical currents. In its early...
41
