边缘视觉在动态观看序列中的决策过程中的作用
B S DeCouto1, B Fawver2, J L Thomas3
1Human Health, Resilience & Performance, Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, FL, USA.
Journal of sports sciences
|January 18, 2024
概括
篮球运动员对近距离的威胁做出更快的反应,但对远距离的威胁牺牲了准确性. 压力会影响精神努力,但在动态防守比赛中不会影响视觉搜索或决策.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 人类因素 人类因素
背景情况:
- 团队体育决策需要处理来自不同距离的多名球员的信息 (查看奇点).
- 周围视觉处理通常会因焦虑和刺激而受到较大的异常影响,但在动态环境中,这一点还未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 研究表现压力和观看异常对篮球防守决策和视觉行为的影响.
- 在动态,多性能环境中测试有关信息处理局限性的假设.
主要方法:
- 经验丰富的篮球运动员使用头戴式显示器执行4v4防守场景,在低压和高压下应对来自不同偏心的威胁.
- 一个倒计时任务被用来同时对工作内存征税.
- 记录了决策准确性,响应时间和凝视行为 (固定).
主要成果:
- 玩家在较大的离心率下对对手的反应更慢,更不准确.
- 固定主要是在球载体上,但超过一半是在外围玩家上,这表明更新外围信息的"枢纽策略".
- 在压力下,参与者表现出增加的精神努力和改善的次要任务性能,但他们的目光行为和防御性决策在很大程度上不受影响.
结论:
- 篮球运动员优先考虑对近距离对手的快速反应,这可能是以处理来自外围的信息为代价.
- 虽然压力增加了认知负载和精力,但它不会显著改变核心决策或视觉策略在这个特定的防御任务.
- 调查结果强调了速度和精度之间的权衡,受偏心度的影响,依赖于动态视觉策略来管理边缘信息.
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