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相关概念视频

Hallucinogens and Psychedelics01:27

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Hallucinogens are psychoactive substances that profoundly alter perceptual experiences, generating unreal visual and sensory images. Often referred to as psychedelic drugs — a term derived from the Greek words "psyche" (mind) and "delos" (revealing) — these substances include marijuana and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), among others. These drugs vary in intensity and effects.
Marijuana, derived from the dried leaves and flowers of the hemp plant, contains...
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使用深度神经网络,模拟表现学上的差异,以病因学上不同的视觉幻觉.

Keisuke Suzuki1,2,3, Anil K Seth1,2,4, David J Schwartzman1,2

  • 1Sussex Centre for Consciousness Science, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom.

Frontiers in human neuroscience
|January 18, 2024
PubMed
概括

视觉幻觉 (VHs) 根据其原因而有所不同. 这项研究使用了一种新的计算方法来建模和生成合成VHs,证实了神经退行性疾病,视力损失和迷幻药物的使用中独特的现象学特征.

关键词:
查尔斯·波内特综合症 查尔斯·波内特综合症莱维体痴呆症 (Lewy体痴呆症) 是一种疾病.帕金森病是帕金森氏症的一种疾病.计算神经现象学计算神经现象学机器学习是机器学习.现象学的现象学.迷幻药物 迷幻药物是一种精神药物.视觉幻觉 - 视觉幻觉是一种幻觉.

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科学领域:

  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.
  • 计算精神病学是一种计算精神病学.
  • 心理学 心理学 心理学

背景情况:

  • 视觉幻觉 (VHs) 是一种缺乏外部刺激的复杂感知.
  • 由于神经退行性疾病,视力损失 (查尔斯·波内特综合征) 和迷幻药的使用等不同病因而产生的VH之间存在现象学上的差异.
  • 了解这些现象学变化的机制基础至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 调查不同病因的VHs现象学差异的机制基础.
  • 开发和验证一个计算 (神经) 现象学方法来建模VHs.
  • 为了生成特定病因组的代表性合成VHs.

主要方法:

  • 利用结合分类器和生成深度神经网络来可视化学习的表示.
  • 研究了三个不同的病因组:神经退行性疾病,视力损失 (CBS) 和迷幻药使用者.
  • 确定并操纵了三个现象学维度:现实主义,自发性和复杂性,以产生合成VHs.

主要成果:

  • 生成合成VH,捕捉每个病因组的特征现象学.
  • 实验验证证证实了不同群体之间的三维现象学的明显差异.
  • 合成VH被评为代表每个组内的实际幻觉体验.

结论:

  • 视觉幻觉表现出与其潜在原因相关的显著现象学多样性.
  • 计算 (神经) 现象学提供了一个强大的工具来建模和理解VHs的特征.
  • 这种方法成功地捕捉并区分了各种条件下的幻觉体验的视觉质量.