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相关概念视频

Synthetic Biology02:55

Synthetic Biology

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Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary science that involves using principles from disciplines such as engineering, molecular biology, cell biology, and systems biology. It involves remodeling existing organisms from nature or constructing completely new synthetic organisms for applications such as protein or enzyme production, bioremediation, value-added macromolecule production, and the addition of desirable traits to crops, to name a few.
Golden rice
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Proofreading01:31

Proofreading

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Synthesis of new DNA molecules is carried out by the enzyme DNA polymerase, which adds nucleotides on the daughter strand complementary to the template DNA strand. DNA polymerase has a higher affinity to add the correct base and ensures fidelity during DNA replication. Furthermore,  it exhibits proofreading activity during replication, using an exonuclease domain that cuts off incorrect nucleotides from the nascent DNA strand.
Errors During Replication are Corrected by the DNA Polymerase...
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Genome Copying Errors

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DNA replication is a well-evolved process that copies millions of base pairs with high fidelity during each cell division. Occasionally a wrong base or a long stretch of wrong bases may get added to the daughter strands. If the errors are left unchecked, cells might accumulate several mutations that might endanger their  survival. Therefore, the copying errors are checked and repaired at three levels.
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Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
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The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
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HyperPUT:生成合成有缺陷的程序来挑战发现错误的工具.

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  • 1Computer Systems Institute, Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), Lugano, Switzerland.

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概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

本研究介绍了HyperPUT,这是一种用于生成带有种子错误的C程序的自动化技术. HyperPUT有助于创建多样化的测试案例,以评估和推进自动错误检测工具.

关键词:
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科学领域:

  • 软件工程 软件工程 软件工程
  • 自动化软件工程 自动化软件工程
  • 程序分析 程序分析

背景情况:

  • 对于自动错误检测技术的可靠比较,需要对具有已知的错误的程序进行全面收集.
  • 现有的基准通常依赖于手动策划的现实世界bug或合成bug,将其种植在现实世界的程序中,这些程序需要大量的时间来创建或扩展.

研究的目的:

  • 提出和评估HyperPUT,一种用于自动生成带有种子错误的C程序的新方法.
  • 为创建多样化和具有挑战性的数据集提供补充方法,用于错误发现工具的评估.

主要方法:

  • 通过从一个"种子"bug开始,HyperPUT会自动生成C程序.
  • 它逐步应用程序转换,如引入条件和循环,以达到所需的程序大小.
  • 生成的程序包含种子bug,适合测试bug查找工具.

主要成果:

  • HyperPUT成功生成了 buggy 程序,这些程序有效地挑战了现代的 bug 查找工具.
  • 由HyperPUT生成的错误的特征与现有基准中发现的错误具有可比性.
  • 该方法证明了其能够创建多样化和具有挑战性的测试案例的能力.

结论:

  • HyperPUT提供了一种有价值的,自动化的方法来生成带有种植错误的程序.
  • 这种技术可以通过促进经验评估,显著支持自动错误检测的研究.
  • 它提供了一个可扩展和有效的方式来扩展软件测试研究的基准集合.