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梅多布朗蝶的眼球变化和场温度

Sophie Mowbray¹, Jonathan Bennie², Marcus W Rhodes¹

¹Center for Ecology and Conservation University of Exeter in Cornwall Penryn UK.

Ecology and evolution

|January 18, 2024

概括

草地棕蝶的眼斑变异受温度的影响,而不仅仅是遗传. 较高的温度导致较小的后翼斑点消失,有助于雌性伪装,而较大的前翼斑点仍然用于防御.

科学领域:

进化生物学进化生物学
生态生态学生态生态学
现型性可塑性现型性可塑性

背景情况:

草原棕色蝶眼斑变异的解释传统上专注于遗传多态.
在这个自然选择例子中,热可塑性的作用在很大程度上被忽视了.

研究的目的:

为了研究草原棕色蝶的野外温度和眼球变化之间的相关性.
为了重新检查EB. 福特在环境因素的背景下对眼球变异的经典观察.

主要方法:

在三个地点,多年来每天大规模地收集梅多布朗蝶.
与发育温度和日历日期相关的眼球存在/不存在和大小的分析.
使用英国现象学数据建模年度现货变化.

主要成果:

现场较高的发育温度与后翼斑点的消失相关,这解释了季节性斑点的下降.
在11°C发育的雌性蝶中,平均有6个斑点,而在15°C发育的雌性蝶中只有3个斑点.
大的前翼眼球保持不变,并随前翼长度而变大,受日历日期而不是温度的影响.

结论:

热可塑性显著影响草地棕色蝶眼斑模式,特别是较小的后翼斑点.
恒定的前翼眼斑很可能是用于捕食者防御或性选择,而消失的后翼斑点则增强了女性的隐形性.
预计气候变暖将导致雌性草地棕色蝶年复一年的发现量持续下降.

关键词:

蝶蝶蝶蝶蝶眼球斑点在眼球斑点.现型性可塑性现型性可塑性多形态主义的多态主义.

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