80岁以上的美国农村人口的营养和隔离:对脆弱人口的描述性分析
Courtney D Wellman1, Andrew Ferguson2, Thomas McIntosh2
1Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Marshall University Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, USA.
独自生活的老年人面临着营养不良和肥胖的更高风险. 家庭或配偶的共同生活支持社区居住的老年人更好的营养和更健康的体重指数 (BMI).
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 社区健康 社区健康
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 影响80岁及以上农村社区居民繁荣的因素未得到充分研究.
- 社会孤立对这些老年人群构成重大风险.
- 了解同居对健康的影响对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究农村老年人同居状态和营养/健康指标之间的关系.
- 确定促进80岁以上人口福祉的因素.
- 为改善老年人健康状况的策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 对167名80岁以上的社区居民进行前性调查.
- 收集的数据包括年龄,性别,共同生活 (自我,配偶,家庭) 和位置 (郊区,农村,孤立).
- 评估了迷你营养评估简单表格 (MNA-SF) 和身体质量指数 (BMI).
主要成果:
- 研究人群 (n=167) 主要为女性 (71.9%),平均BMI为26.5 (超重),MNA-SF得分为11.8 (低正常).
- 大多数参与者独自生活 (49.7%),其次是伴侣 (31.7%) 或家庭 (18.6%).
- 独自生活与较低的MNA-SF得分相关 (p=0.02),而家庭同居与正常的BMI (OR=0.90) 相关,配偶同居与营养的MNA-SF得分相关 (OR=1.69).
结论:
- 农村老年人自主居住与增加对肥胖和营养不良的脆弱性有关.
- 配偶和家庭的共同生活似乎具有保护性,与更好的营养状况和BMI相关.
- 干预措施应侧重于保持独立性,同时增强同居对老年人营养的积极影响.
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