从训练到实践,眼科的性别差异:一个系统的审查
Nikki Rousta1, Isra M Hussein2, Radha P Kohly3
1Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
JAMA ophthalmology
|January 18, 2024
概括
尽管接近性别平等,但女性眼科医生在培训,实践和领导方面面临着持续的差异. 性偏见影响招聘,手术量,收入和学业成功,报告的性骚扰率更高.
科学领域:
- 医学研究 医学研究
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 卫生公平性健康公平性
背景情况:
- 基于性别的研究揭示了医学界对女性的系统性不平等.
- 眼科是一门医学专业,也不受这些基于性别的差异的影响.
研究的目的:
- 在高收入国家 (HICs) 系统地审查女性眼科 (FiO) 的经验,从培训到实践.
主要方法:
- 1990年1月至2022年5月期间发表的英语语言研究的系统审查.
- 在PubMed,MEDLINE,Embase和学术眼科杂志上进行了搜索.
- 组织了91项包括根据职业阶段的研究:医学院,住院和实践.
主要成果:
- 女性在医学院招聘和指导中面临性别偏见,在推信中存在性别刻板印象.
- 在实习中,女性有不平等的学习机会,手术病例数量较低,追求有利可图的子专业的人数较少.
- 执业的女性眼科医生报告说,收入较低,学术成绩较低,领导层代表性较差,性骚扰率较高,尽管职业满意度相似,学术影响延迟.
结论:
- 眼科正在接近性别平等,但这并没有改善女性领导层的代表性.
- 在招聘,培训,实践,学术生产力和收入方面仍然存在显著的性别差异.
- 有针对性的干预措施是必要的,以促进眼科医学的性别平等.
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