医疗保险和儿童死亡率:来自印度的证据
1Department of Community Development and Applied Economics, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA.
Health economics
|January 18, 2024
概括
印度的国家健康保险政策,国家健康保险计划 (RSBY),降低了5-6%的儿童死亡率. 这一政策显著改善了城市贫困家庭的医疗服务使用情况,显示出积极的溢出效应.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 人口统计学 人口统计学
背景情况:
- 关于国家医疗保险对低收入和中等收入国家儿童死亡率的影响的证据有限.
- 尽管医疗保险覆盖率很低,但在发展中国家,医疗保险正在扩大.
- 印度国家保险政策的实施有所增加.
研究的目的:
- 评估印度国家健康保险政策"国家健康保险计划" (RSBY) 对儿童死亡率的影响.
- 确定RSBY影响儿童死亡率的机制.
- 评估RSBY对医疗保健利用的更广泛影响.
主要方法:
- 在全国范围内推行国家健康保险计划 (RSBY) 政策 (2008-2013) 中利用时间和空间的变化.
- 使用计量经济学分析来确定保险单对婴儿和五岁以下儿童死亡率的因果关系.
- 分析医疗保健服务利用的变化,包括生殖和补充卫生服务.
主要成果:
- 国家健康保险计划 (RSBY) 政策导致婴儿死亡率减少6%,五岁以下儿童死亡率减少5%.
- 这些死亡率的降低主要在城市贫困家庭中观察到.
- 报告指出,母亲越来越多地使用生殖健康服务,并对免疫等补充服务产生积极的溢出效应.
结论:
- 印度的国家医疗保险政策 (RSBY) 已显著对降低儿童死亡率产生积极影响.
- 该政策的有效性与增加的孕产妇医疗服务使用率和更广泛的寻求医疗保健行为有关.
- RSBY强调了扩大国家医疗保险计划的潜力,以改善资源有限的环境中的儿童生存率.
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