认知刺激作为连接社会经济地位和支持工作记忆的神经功能的机制:一项纵向fMRI研究
Lucy A Lurie1, Maya L Rosen2,3, David G Weissman3
1Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, United States.
Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|January 18, 2024
概括
童年低收入影响支持工作记忆的脑网络,特别是通过认知剥夺. 这种神经变化与学业成绩有关,突出了早期社会经济因素.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 社会经济研究 社会经济研究
背景情况:
- 儿童低社会经济地位 (SES) 与前侧双侧和腹部视觉流的神经差异有关,可能会影响工作记忆.
- 导致这些神经差异的特定SES环境因素尚不清楚.
- 认知剥夺,而不是威胁暴露,被调查为将家庭收入与神经改变联系在一起的机制.
研究的目的:
- 研究认知剥夺作为家庭收入和青年工作记忆任务期间神经激活之间的调解者.
- 检查早期生活收入,收入慢性和当前收入与需求与神经功能之间的关系.
- 评估家庭收入和认知剥夺与工作记忆表现和学业成绩的关联.
主要方法:
- 长度研究涉及148名年轻人,年龄为10-13岁.
- 在视觉空间工作记忆任务期间的功能磁共振成像 (fMRI).
- 评估早期儿童低收入,收入慢性,当前收入与需求的关系,认知剥夺和学业成绩.
主要成果:
- 早期和慢性低收入,以及当前收入与需求的关系,与前侧双侧网络和腹部视觉流中的神经激活相关.
- 认知剥夺调解了家庭收入与工作记忆期间侧面尾皮质和内皮质活化减少之间的关联.
- 家庭收入和认知剥夺与工作记忆表现没有显著的关系,但剥夺与学业成绩有关.
结论:
- 早期生活低收入和相关的认知剥夺是影响神经功能支持工作记忆的重要因素.
- 认知剥夺在家庭收入如何影响参与工作记忆的特定大脑区域方面起着调解作用.
- 虽然观察到神经变化,但收入,剥夺和工作记忆表现之间的直接联系在这个样本中并不显著,尽管剥夺与学业成果有关.
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