让非洲社区卫生工作者参与:从加拿大红十字会支持的项目中吸取教训
Dina Idriss-Wheeler1,2, Ilja Ormel2, Mekdes Assefa2
1Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
PLOS global public health
|January 18, 2024
概括
社区卫生工作者对于全民健康覆盖至关重要,弥合医疗保健工作者短缺造成的差距. 加拿大红十字会在非洲的项目培训了9000多名医疗保健工作者,覆盖了750万人,并强调了适应性和上下文意识的战略的重要性.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 社区卫生系统 社区卫生系统
背景情况:
- 医疗保健工作人员短缺对实现全民健康覆盖 (UHC) 构成重大威胁,预测到2030年将出现1800万人的缺口.
- 基于社区的卫生系统,特别是那些有效利用社区卫生工作者 (CHWs) 的卫生系统,对于将社区连接到医疗保健设施并缓解未满足的健康需求至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 报告加拿大红十字会 (CRC) 支持的非洲社区卫生工作者计划在15年 (2007-2022) 期间取得的关键发现和经验教训.
- 分析CHW计划对受益人所产生的影响,CHW的参与,实施的干预措施和总体结果.
主要方法:
- 采用了定性方法,包括对来自非洲CRC支持的CHW项目17份报告的文档分析.
- 专注于识别挑战,促进者和在整个计划实施过程中学到的经验教训.
主要成果:
- 超过9000名CHW接受了培训,使非洲各地区近750万人受益.
- 确定的主要成功因素包括计划的适应性,灵活性,考虑政治,社会和文化背景,对培训的投资,基于证据的方法以及保护,性别和包容 (PGI) 的优先考虑.
结论:
- 尽管存在诸如健康系统疲软和资金缺口等挑战,但医疗保健中心对于推进社区健康,改善医疗保健准入,减少差距和为UHC做出贡献至关重要.
- 医疗保健中心的独特社区地位使其能够在文化上提供适当的,本地化的初级医疗保健服务,特别是在偏远和服务不足的地区.
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