个人部伸缩肌的大小与冲刺跑的表现之间的关系:冲刺阶段依赖性
Katsuki Takahashi1,2, Kiyotaka Kamibayashi2, Taku Wakahara2,3
1Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan.
Sports biomechanics
|January 18, 2024
概括
部延伸肌肉的大小在不同阶段不同影响冲刺表现. 半膜体大小有助于早期加速,而半体大小有利于短跑者的最大速度和减速.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 人体生理学 人体生理学
背景情况:
- 部延伸肌肉的大小被认为是冲刺跑绩效的关键.
- 现有的研究对这种关系提出了不一致的发现.
- 部伸缩肌的大小的影响可能在不同的冲刺阶段有所不同.
研究的目的:
- 调查这样的假设,部伸缩肌的大小与冲刺表现的关联因冲刺阶段而异.
- 在不同的冲刺阶段区分特定的部伸展肌肉 (半膜肌,半肌) 的作用.
主要方法:
- 磁共振成像 (MRI) 用于测量26名男子短跑运动员的部伸展肌肉体积.
- 冲刺速度在100米最大力度冲刺期间以10米间隔记录.
- 冲刺阶段 (早期加速,最大速度,减速) 根据个人冲刺速度确定.
主要成果:
- 与体质相对的半膜体肌体积与冲刺速度呈现出正相关性,特别是在早期加速阶段 (0-10米).
- 与体质相对的半肌体积与最大速度和减速 (90-100米) 阶段的冲刺速度正相关.
- 这些发现表明,部伸缩肌的大小和冲刺表现之间存在相位依赖关系.
结论:
- 部伸缩肌的大小与冲刺表现之间的关联不是统一的,而是动态的,在冲刺的不同阶段发生变化.
- 特定的部伸展肌肉对冲刺表现有不同的贡献,这取决于冲刺者是加速,是以最大速度加速,还是减速.
- 了解这些特定阶段的关系可以为短跑者制定有针对性的训练策略,以优化表现.
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