与改善中国各地空气质量相关的健康负担
Huaiyue Xu1, Qing Wang1, Huanhuan Zhu1
1Department of Environmental Health Risk Assessment, China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China.
中国的空气污染控制减少了过早死亡,但由于经济增长而增加了经济负担. 臭氧臭氧是什么?臭氧臭氧是什么
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 环境经济学环境经济学
背景情况:
- 在中国,控制空气污染给健康带来了好处.
- 由于空气污染造成的经济负担的时空空间趋势仍未得到充分研究.
- 经济增长和空气质量改善存在复杂的相互作用.
研究的目的:
- 探索中国空气污染带来的疾病负担的时空特征.
- 为减少空气污染和相关经济负担提供政策建议.
- 分析2005年至2017年之间的趋势.
主要方法:
- 利用了全球疾病负担方法.
- 采用支付意愿的方法.
- 预计2005年至2017年间与细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 和臭氧 (O3) 相关的过早死亡率和经济负担.
主要成果:
- 2017年,PM2.5和O3造成了940万例过早死亡和1170.31亿元人民币的经济负担 (占GDP的1.41%).
- 随着空气质量的改善,过早死亡率下降,而由于经济增长,经济负担增加.
- 臭氧对疾病负担的贡献低于PM 2.5,但迅速增长,特别是在关键地区.
结论:
- 臭氧带来的疾病负担低于PM 2.5,但显示出日益增长的趋势.
- 经济增长和臭氧度上升正在推动臭氧负担的增加.
- 需要政策建议,以有效减少空气污染和相关的经济负担.
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