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竞争性青年游泳运动员的体力表现决定因素:系统性审查
Todd Price1, Giuseppe Cimadoro1, Hayley S Legg2,3
1Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, St Mary's University Twickenham, Twickenham, England.
BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation
|January 18, 2024
概括
青少年游泳表现的关键决定因素包括肌肉强度,功率,瘦体质量和有氧/无氧能力. 身体脂肪百分比显示出复杂的关系,需要进一步研究. 力量和动力训练可以提高年轻游泳者的表现.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 儿科运动医学 儿科运动医学
背景情况:
- 青少年游泳表现受到生理学,生物力学和人类学因素的影响.
- 了解这些决定因素对于优化年轻运动员的训练和表现至关重要.
- 本综述系统地检查了与青年游泳成功相关的体力表现指标.
研究的目的:
- 确定青少年游泳的关键体力表现决定因素.
- 评估力量,功率,厌氧和有氧措施以及身体组成的作用.
- 为教练和从业者提供基于证据的见解.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed和Web of Science数据库中的系统文献搜索.
- 包括43项同行评审的研究,涉及有竞争力/训练有素的青少年游泳者.
- 使用Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) 检查清单进行偏见风险评估.
主要成果:
- 肌肉强度,肌肉功率,瘦身量和无氧/有氧测量显著与青少年游泳表现的改善相关.
- 这些生理参数的较高值始终与更好的游泳结果有关.
- 身体脂肪百分比与年轻人游泳表现没有明确,一致的关系.
结论:
- 肌肉强度,功率,瘦身量以及有氧/无氧能力的提高对年轻游泳者来说是有益的.
- 肌肉力量和动力对于起跑和转等爆炸性动作尤为重要.
- 强度和动力训练计划被推用于提高年轻竞争者的表现,而身体脂肪的作用需要进一步研究.
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