适度强度训练对心肺健康的影响与能量匹配训练与强度增加的能量匹配训练
Marcel Reuter1,2, Friederike Rosenberger2,3, Andreas Barz2
1Institute of Sports and Preventive Medicine, University of Saarland, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Frontiers in sports and active living
|January 19, 2024
概括
增加训练强度显著提高心肺呼吸能力 (CRF) 超过单独适度训练,即使没有改变能量消耗. 这突显了强度.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 心血管健康 呼吸系统健康
- 耐力训练是一种耐力训练.
背景情况:
- 耐力训练量与心肺呼吸能力 (CRF) 之间的关系已经得到了很好的证实.
- 然而,训练强度在这种剂量反应关系中的特定作用,特别是对于未经训练的人来说,需要进一步研究.
研究的目的:
- 研究增加训练强度对未经训练的个体CRF适应的影响.
- 为了比较持续的中等强度训练与逐渐增加强度训练与恒定的能量消耗的影响.
主要方法:
- 31名健康的未经训练的成年人接受了为期10周的中等强度训练.
- 然后,参与者被随机分配到一个控制组 (CON),维持中等强度或一个干预组 (INC),在16周内进展到更高强度,包括高强度间歇训练 (HIIT).
- 能量消耗保持不变,并通过跑步机测试评估心脏呼吸能力.
主要成果:
- 与对照组 (CON) 相比,干预组 (INC) 在最大氧气吸收 (VO2max) 和最大有氧速度 (Vmax) 中表现出显著更大的改善.
- 在INC组中,静止心率的减少也显著增加.
- 两组都经历了下极限运动心率的降低,但这种效应在INC组中更为明显.
结论:
- 增加训练强度导致心肺健康适应能力优越,而不是保持适度强度,即使能量消耗相匹配.
- 高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 在已经接受了中等强度训练的个体中进一步增强CRF.
- 训练强度是耐力运动和健康,未受过训练的个体的健身改善之间的剂量反应关系的关键决定因素.
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