职业的坐着时间,休时间的体力活动,以及所有原因和心血管疾病的死亡率
Wayne Gao1, Mattia Sanna2, Yea-Hung Chen3
1PhD Program in Global Health and Health Security, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan.
JAMA network open
|January 19, 2024
概括
长时间的职业坐姿会增加所有原因和心血管疾病的死亡风险. 然而,从事休时间体育活动 (LTPA) 或达到个人活动智能 (PAI) 评分超过100可以减轻这些风险.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 心血管疾病流行病学
背景情况:
- 2020年世界卫生组织指南强调了久坐不动行为带来的健康风险.
- 对于长时间职业坐姿对健康的具体影响的了解有限,特别是当与低体力活动参与相结合时.
研究的目的:
- 量化与长时间职业坐姿相关的健康风险,特别是死亡率.
- 为了确定身体活动的门是否可以减轻与职业坐姿相关的风险.
主要方法:
- 这是一项前性队列研究,从1996年到2017年,台湾共有481,688名参与者.
- 收集的数据包括职业坐时间,休时间体力活动 (LTPA),生活方式因素和代谢参数.
- 多变量考克斯回归模型被用于分析全因和心血管疾病 (CVD) 死亡率,并对潜在的混因素进行调整. 排除了前两年内的死亡.
主要成果:
- 与那些主要从事非坐姿职业的人相比,那些主要从事坐姿职业的人有16%更高的全因死亡风险和34%更高的心血管疾病死亡风险.
- 在工作中交替坐着和不坐着并没有增加死亡风险.
- 每天增加15-30分钟的LTPA或达到100以上的个人活动智能 (PAI) 得分,显著降低了与长时间职业坐姿相关的死亡风险.
结论:
- 长时间的职业坐姿带来了严重的健康风险,导致死亡率增加.
- 促进身体活动的工作场所干预措施,如交替坐/不坐或增加LTPA,可以有效地减轻这些风险.
- 公共卫生战略应侧重于"非正常化"长时间的职业坐姿,类似于打击吸烟的努力,以改善人口健康.
相关概念视频
Lifestyle Factors and Health
49
Lifestyle factors play a critical role in maintaining overall health and preventing chronic diseases. Key elements, such as regular physical activity, a nutritious diet, and abstinence from smoking, can significantly enhance physical, mental, and emotional well-being while reducing the risk of several life-threatening conditions.
Benefits of Physical Activity
Physical activity, whether through structured exercise or casual activities like walking, biking, or dancing, is a cornerstone of a...
Benefits of Physical Activity
Physical activity, whether through structured exercise or casual activities like walking, biking, or dancing, is a cornerstone of a...
49
Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques IV
29
Stress often leads to unhealthy habits like smoking, excessive drinking, and overeating, which offer short-term relief but ultimately increase long-term health risks. These behaviors create a cycle that temporarily lowers stress levels but can result in severe long-term health consequences. Breaking these habits is essential to reduce the risk of chronic diseases and improve overall well-being. Three primary changes that support better health include quitting smoking, reducing alcohol intake,...
29
Cancer Prevention
6.2K
Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Some...
6.2K
Assessment of the Cardiovascular System I: Subjective Data
343
A thorough health history and physical assessment are essential for identifying cardiovascular disease (CVD) symptoms and distinguishing them from other health issues.
Initial Enquiry
Ask the patient about their primary concern and thoroughly explore all reported symptoms.
Medical History
Investigate past illnesses affecting the cardiovascular system, such as angina, anemia, rheumatic fever, congenital heart disease, stroke, thrombophlebitis, dysrhythmias, varicosities
Inquire about symptoms...
Initial Enquiry
Ask the patient about their primary concern and thoroughly explore all reported symptoms.
Medical History
Investigate past illnesses affecting the cardiovascular system, such as angina, anemia, rheumatic fever, congenital heart disease, stroke, thrombophlebitis, dysrhythmias, varicosities
Inquire about symptoms...
343
Actuarial Approach
79
The actuarial approach, a statistical method originally developed for life insurance risk assessment, is widely used to calculate survival rates in clinical and population studies. This method accounts for participants lost to follow-up or those who die from causes unrelated to the study, ensuring a more accurate representation of survival probabilities.
Consider the example of a high-risk surgical procedure with significant early-stage mortality. A two-year clinical study is conducted,...
Consider the example of a high-risk surgical procedure with significant early-stage mortality. A two-year clinical study is conducted,...
79
Statistical Methods for Analyzing Epidemiological Data
367
Epidemiological data primarily involves information on specific populations' occurrence, distribution, and determinants of health and diseases. This data is crucial for understanding disease patterns and impacts, aiding public health decision-making and disease prevention strategies. The analysis of epidemiological data employs various statistical methods to interpret health-related data effectively. Here are some commonly used methods:
367


