多样性和进化特征的全基因组挖掘揭示了印度萨希瓦尔牛群的选择性热点
Divya Rajawat1, Kanika Ghildiyal1, Sonali Sonejita Nayak1
1Division of Animal Genetics, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India.
Gene
|January 19, 2024
概括
萨希瓦尔牛表现出大量的基因组多样性和较低的近期近亲繁殖,表明强大的适应性. 选择性扫描确定了对这种重要的印度乳品品种的抗病,抗,热应激和生产特征的基因.
科学领域:
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 动物育种 动物育种
- 人口遗传学 人口遗传学
背景情况:
- 萨希瓦尔牛是印度首屈一指的土著乳品品种,因牛奶产量,适应性和抗病能力而受到重视.
- 了解它们的遗传多样性和适应性进化对于乳制品行业可持续发展至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定选择性扫描和估计萨希瓦尔牛的遗传多样性参数.
- 分析基因组数据的基因与适应和生产特征相关.
主要方法:
- 利用ddRAD测序对82种萨希瓦尔牛的基因型进行测序,产生了78,193种高质量的SNP.
- 评估了基因多样性,使用异构性,核酸多样性和等位基因丰富度.
- 应用了五种统计测试 (塔吉马的D,CLR,IHS 干预,IHH12干预,ROH) 来检测选择性扫描.
主要成果:
- 萨希瓦尔人群表现出丰富的基因组多样性 (观察到异构性:0.597) 和最近低的近亲繁殖 (FROH系数: -0.0289到0.0725).
- 确定了146个正在选择的区域,包括与免疫 (IFNL3,IRF8),抗性 (IL2),热应激 (HSPA8,UBASH3B,ADAMTS18,CRTAM) 和生产 (NRXN1,PLCE1,GHR) 相关的基因.
- 有效种群大小估计为74,平均链接不平衡 (r2):0.269.
结论:
- 萨希瓦尔牛具有显著的基因组多样性和适应当地条件的证据.
- 选择已经塑造了与疾病抵抗力,环境压力和生产力相关的特征.
- 这些发现为该品种的进化历史和未来育种策略的潜力提供了洞察力.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons
5.7K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
5.7K
Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS
13.4K
Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
13.4K
Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?
7.1K
The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
In contrast, regions which code...
7.1K
Multi-species Conserved Sequences
3.9K
Next-generation sequencing technologies have created large genomic databases of a variety of animals and plants. Ever since the human genome project was completed, scientists studied the genome of primates, mammals, and other phylogenetically distant living beings. Such large-scale studies have provided new insights into the evolutionary relationship between organisms.
Although the genome of each species varies greatly from each other, a few sequences are highly conserved. Such conserved...
Although the genome of each species varies greatly from each other, a few sequences are highly conserved. Such conserved...
3.9K


