平虫转录基因组揭示了吸血虫类动物广泛的寄生病
M Ryan Woodcock1,2,3, Kaleigh Powers1, Kirsten Snead2,4
1Department of Biology, Keene State College, Keene, NH, USA.
Genome biology and evolution
|January 19, 2024
概括
毛虫 (Tetrahymena ciliates) 是平虫的寄生虫,不仅仅是自由生活的细菌食者. 这项研究揭示了新的平虫宿主和共同进化的证据,为寄生虫-宿主动态提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 寄生虫学的寄生虫学
- 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 单细胞状动物,如Tetrahymena,被称为细菌食动物,但也可以是寄生虫 (吸血虫).
- 这些吸血动物感染各种宿主,包括商业重要鱼类和临灭绝的幼虫.
- 平虫是这些寄生虫的宿主之一.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定Platyhelminthes属内Tetrahymena ciliates的新宿主物种.
- 为了研究食状动物和它们的平虫宿主之间的共同进化关系.
- 探索入侵性平虫在状动物分散中的潜在作用.
主要方法:
- 开发一种新的生物信息学管道,用于非标准的毛动物遗传密码.
- 对超过260万种Platyhelminthes表达序列标签 (ESTs) 的选,以识别Ciliophora序列.
- 从各种平面物种中培养和识别Tetrahymena.
- 同系遗传重建以推断宿主寄生虫的进化历史.
- 使用paromomycin.cin.从 Schmidtea mediterranea中实验性地驱逐Tetrahymena使用paromomycin.cin.
主要成果:
- 识别了近6000个高保证度的状体转录,证实了7种额外的平虫物种中的寄生虫.
- 从九个平面物种中分离和识别了Tetrahymena,包括入侵的Bipalium和像Dugesia japonica和Schmidtea mediterranea这样的模型生物.
- 同系遗传学分析强烈支持食性状动物和状动物宿主的共同进化.
- 证明帕罗莫米辛可以有效地从S. mediterranea.中去除Tetrahymena.
结论:
- 形虫作为Tetrahymena的重要宿主,扩大了这些状动物已知的宿主范围.
- 强有力的证据表明,食状动物和它们的平虫宿主之间的共同进化.
- 侵入性平虫可能充当Tetrahymena寄生虫的新型传播载体.
- 提议Platyhelminthes属作为一个优秀的模型系统来研究生态和进化 histophagous ciliates.
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