了解支持就业和个人安置支持的干预措施和结果:定性证据综合
Susan Baxter1, Jane Cullingworth2, Adam Whitworth3
1University of Sheffield, School for Health and Related Research, Regent Court, Regent Street, Sheffield, S14DA, UK.
支持就业 (SE) 模式显示出帮助残疾人找到工作的希望. 本次审查强调了该计划的关键要素和就业之外的结果,例如改善了福祉和信心.
科学领域:
- 职业康复 职业康复 职业康复
- 关于残疾人的研究.
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 在发达经济体中存在持续的残疾人就业差距.
- 传统的培训-然后-地点模式正在被培训-然后-培训支持就业 (SE) 方法所补充.
- 越来越多的证据支持SE的有效性,但潜在的机制需要进一步探索.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查有关支持就业 (SE) 干预措施的定性研究.
- 了解SE有效性背后的过程和机制.
- 确定与SE相关的关键项目元素和成果.
主要方法:
- 系统审查自2000年以来在发达国家进行的定性研究.
- 包括专注于SE干预残疾人群 (不包括严重精神疾病) 的研究.
- 采用主题综合和逻辑建模,对文献进行质量评估.
主要成果:
- 包括13项定性研究,详细介绍了支持性质,就业顾问的角色和工作类型.
- 关键影响因素包括客户,雇主,就业,计划和系统相关的因素.
- 观察到的效应包括改善对工作的态度,提高技能/信心,以及超出就业范围的影响,如改善福祉和社会归属.
结论:
- 对于残疾人来说,SE干预是有价值的,它提供了超越典型定量措施的好处.
- 确定了关键程序元素,并建议对健康,福祉,财务安全和社会融合产生长期影响.
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