在非洲森林砍伐后,绘制土地用途多样性的地图
Robert N Masolele1, Diego Marcos2, Veronique De Sy3
1Laboratory of Geo-Information Science and Remote Sensing, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, 6708, Wageningen, PB, The Netherlands. robert.masolele@wur.nl.
Scientific reports
|January 19, 2024
概括
土地利用变化推动了非洲森林的丧失,其中小规模农业是主要原因. 高分辨率地图显示,可可和油棕等商品作物正在扩大,威胁着森林和可持续发展目标.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 遥感 遥感 遥感 遥感
- 林业林业 林业 林业 林业
背景情况:
- 由于人类活动导致的土地利用转换,非洲森林面临着显著的下降.
- 现有的土地利用变化地图缺乏有效的地方和区域决策所需的高时空分辨率和主题细节.
- 以前的研究仅限于更粗的尺度,主要关注潮湿森林.
研究的目的:
- 创建第一个高分辨率 (5米) 的大陆范围地图,显示非洲森林砍伐后的土地利用情况.
- 识别和绘制森林丧失的主要驱动因素,包括潮湿和干燥森林生态系统.
- 为地方和区域决策提供关键数据,支持保护和可持续发展.
主要方法:
- 利用了30个非洲国家的15个不同的土地使用类型的参考数据.
- 实施了一个主动学习框架来训练一个深度学习模型.
- 应用训练模型生成一个高分辨率 (5米) 的大陆规模的土地利用地图后森林砍伐.
主要成果:
- 小规模农业是整个大陆森林丧失的主要驱动力,在马达加斯加和刚果民主共和国 (DRC) 有着显著的热点.
- 商品作物 (可可,棕油,) 在潮湿的非洲西部和中部森林中占据了森林砍伐的主导地位,形成了"商品作物弧".
- 在非洲西部和东南部的干旱森林中,种植正在扩大,而在尼日利亚和赞比亚,大规模的耕地是突出的.
结论:
- 商品作物和大规模农业的扩张对非洲森林构成重大威胁,特别是在西部和东南部地区.
- 这些土地利用变化为实现零森林砍伐供应链和支持REDD+ (减少森林砍伐和森林退化排放) 等倡议带来了挑战.
- 这些发现强调了非洲森林的脆弱性,并强调了需要有针对性的战略来促进可持续发展目标.
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