抗炎和促炎的环境不同地调节了寡干细胞前代细胞的分化和免疫功能
Omri Zveik1,2, Ariel Rechtman1,2, Livnat Brill1,2
1Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
Immunology
|January 20, 2024
概括
像TNF-α这样的亲炎性细胞因子增强了寡头细胞原生细胞 (OPC) 的分化和免疫功能,这对于复发性硬化症 (MS) 等疾病中中枢神经系统 (CNS) 修复至关重要. 抗炎性细胞因子阻碍了这些重要的OPC作用.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 寡头细胞原生细胞 (OPC) 已知具有再生作用,但它们的免疫调节功能越来越被认可,特别是在多发性硬化症 (MS) 中.
- 了解OPC在炎症中枢神经系统 (CNS) 环境中的再生和免疫功能之间的相互作用对于MS病理至关重要.
- 关于炎症性细胞因子如何影响OPC分化和免疫特征的数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 研究促炎性 (干扰素-玛[IFN-γ],瘤缩因子-α[TNF-α]) 和抗炎性 (干白素-4[IL-4],干白素-10[IL-10]) 细胞因子对OPC分化和免疫功能的影响.
- 在MS的背景下,阐明OPC和中枢神经系统炎症环境之间的关系.
- 确定参与细胞因子介导对OPCs影响的信号通路.
主要方法:
- 使用初级OPC培养物来评估细胞反应.
- 酶相关免疫吸收试验 (ELISA) 和免疫光染色被用于评估分化能力,细胞活性,主要基因相容性复合体 (MHC) -II表达和细胞因子分泌.
- OPCs暴露于特定的促炎和抗炎细胞因子.
主要成果:
- 抗炎细胞因子 (IL-4,IL-10) 抑制了OPC分化和免疫功能.
- 瘤亡因子-α (TNF-α) 促进了完整的OPC分化,增强了细胞活性,增加了MHC-II表达和细胞因子分泌.
- TNF-α的影响通过TNF-受体-2信号传递进行调解,并抵消IFN-γ对OPC分化的负面影响.
结论:
- 有助于再生的,宽容的炎症环境对于OPCs有效地发挥其再生和免疫调节作用至关重要.
- 细胞因子环境显著影响OPC行为,突出显示了中枢神经系统炎症在MS等疾病中的复杂性.
- 针对特定的炎症途径可能提供治疗策略,以促进多发性硬化中枢神经系统的修复.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
T Cell Types and Functions
1.0K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
1.0K
Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells
3.2K
Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...
3.2K
Inflammatory Response
2.0K
An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
2.0K
Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells
3.2K
All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
3.2K
Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue
796
In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
796


