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昼夜节律,抑郁和焦虑之间的时间路径,从青春期过渡到成年早期
Pirita Jääkallio1, Liisa Kuula1, Anu-Katriina Pesonen1
1Faculty of Medicine, SleepWell Research Program, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Journal of affective disorders
|January 20, 2024
概括
青少年的睡眠问题预示着未来的情感问题,反之亦然. 焦虑增加了延迟睡眠阶段的风险,而男性的更长的昼夜周期与更多的情感问题相关.
科学领域:
- 精神病学和睡眠科学 精神病学和睡眠科学
- 青少年发展 青少年发展
- 时间生物学 时间生物学
背景情况:
- 睡眠和昼夜节律的障碍与情绪障碍密切相关.
- 青少年是容易患上睡眠和情感问题的弱势群体.
- 在青春期到早期成年期期间,昼夜节律,抑郁和焦虑之间的精确时间关系尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 在过渡到早期成年期的青少年中,研究睡眠,昼夜节律和情感障碍之间的双向时间通路.
- 检查睡眠参数 (持续时间,规律,阶段) 和昼夜特征 (周期,幅度,度量) 如何影响抑郁和焦虑的发展.
- 根据先前的睡眠和昼夜模式,识别睡眠和情绪问题发展的特定风险.
主要方法:
- 在19个月的时间间隔内对233名青少年 (T1年龄为16.8岁,T2年龄为18.4岁) 进行了长度研究.
- 利用贝克抑郁 inventory-II和一般性焦虑障碍评估进行情感测量.
- 采用 GENEActiv 动图用于睡眠指标 (持续时间,规律性,延迟睡眠阶段) 和 iButton 温度计用于昼夜参数 (周期长度,振幅, mesor).
主要成果:
- 在T1更短的睡眠时间预测了T2的情感问题增加;在T1的情感问题预测了T2的睡眠不规则增加.
- 在T1更长的内在昼夜周期与男性在T2的情感问题增加有关.
- 在T1中度至重度的抑郁/焦虑显著增加了睡眠质量差和睡眠阶段延迟在T2的风险.
结论:
- 在青少年中,睡眠障碍与情感问题之间有双向的时间联系.
- 在目前的焦虑障碍之后,确定了未来延迟睡眠阶段 (DSP) 的风险增加.
- 观察到男性的更长的昼夜周期预测了未来的情感问题,突出了性别特定的途径.
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