2004-2021年学校假期的沿海死亡负担:澳大利亚的视角
Luke Strasiotto1, Annabel Ellis2, Shane Daw2
1Coastal Safety, Surf Life Saving Australia, Bondi Beach, New South Wales, Australia luke.strasiotto@sls.com.au.
概括
学校假期增加了所有年龄段的沿海死亡风险,而不仅仅是儿童. 年轻人,救援人员,潜水员和游泳者在这些时期面临更高的风险,强调需要更广泛的公共安全教育.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 伤害预防 预防伤害
背景情况:
- 学校假期被认为是儿童溺水事件风险较高的时期.
- 然而,在这些时期,所有年龄段的人口统计数据中,沿海死亡的综合风险在很大程度上仍未得到量化.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定特定的高风险人口和行为,与澳大利亚学校假期期间的意外海岸死亡相关.
- 解决关于学校假期对沿海安全的更广泛影响的知识差距,而不仅仅是儿童溺水.
主要方法:
- 采用了病例控制研究设计,将澳大利亚的意外沿海死亡 (2004年7月~2021年6月) 与代表性人口调查进行比较.
- 数据分析的重点是确定各种活动和人口群体的风险比率和统计意义.
主要成果:
- 学校假期与沿海死亡风险总体增加1.39倍有关 (p=0.00019).
- 在年轻成年人 (RR 1.41),试图救援的个人 (RR 1.85),潜水 (RR 1.82) 和游泳/水 (RR 1.72) 中观察到较高的风险.
- 值得注意的是,儿童的死亡风险在统计学上没有显著增加 (RR 1.38,p=0.054).
结论:
- 学校假期对整个人口构成重大沿海安全风险,不仅仅是儿童,包括溺水和其他死亡事故.
- 迫切需要扩大针对所有护理人员和整个社区的公共安全教育.
- 建议的缓解策略包括提倡加强救生服务,并在学校假期与住宿提供商合作.
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