全基因组测序通过识别致病变体,使遗传性视网膜疾病的新遗传诊断成为可能
Xubing Liu1, Fangyuan Hu2,3,4, Daowei Zhang2,3,4
1CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
NPJ genomic medicine
|January 20, 2024
概括
全基因组测序 (WGS) 在未解决的遗传视网膜疾病 (IRD) 病例中发现了新的结构和内在变异. 这种方法显著提高了IRD的遗传诊断率,揭示了视网膜色素炎的新原因.
科学领域:
- 眼科和遗传学 眼科和遗传学
- 分子生物学和基因组学
背景情况:
- 遗传性视网膜疾病 (IRD) 是影响视网膜的常见退行性疾病.
- 传统的基因检测,包括面板测序和全外体测序 (WES),往往无法确定高达40%的IRD患者的遗传原因.
- 未检测到的结构变异 (SV) 和内在变异被怀疑是这些诊断挑战的贡献者.
研究的目的:
- 为了提高以前未解决的IRD病例的遗传诊断产量.
- 使用全基因组测序 (WGS) 识别致病性结构变异 (SVs) 和内在变异.
- 扩大已知的IRD相关基因突变谱.
主要方法:
- 全基因组测序 (WGS) 对271名未解决IRD患者和646名家庭成员进行了测序.
- 分析的重点是识别792个已知的眼病基因中的SVs和内部变异.
- 测序数据与传统方法进行了比较,以评估诊断的改善.
主要成果:
- 全基因组测序 (WGS) 为13% (34/271) 之前未解决的IRD病例提供了最终的遗传诊断.
- 结构变异 (SVs) 占诊断的7%,单核酸变异 (SNVs) 和SVs的组合占4%,内部变异占2%.
- 发现了14个IRD基因的新型病原体变异,包括22个SV和5个深内/拼接位变异,其中74%与视网膜色素炎 (RP) 相关.
结论:
- 全基因组测序 (WGS) 是诊断具有复杂遗传基础的遗传性视网膜疾病 (IRD) 的强大工具.
- 该研究发现了新的结构和内在变异,扩大了已知的IRD相关基因突变格局,特别是在视网膜色素炎 (RP) 中.
- 采用WGS显著增加了具有挑战性的IRD病例的遗传诊断率,为患者管理和遗传咨询提供了关键的见解.
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