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相关概念视频

Polymers: Molecular Weight Distribution01:10

Polymers: Molecular Weight Distribution

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For any given polymer, the weight average molecular weight (Mw) is higher than, if not equal to, the number average molecular weight (Mn). The only situation in which the weight average molecular weight and the number average molecular weight are equal is when a polymer consists only of chains with equal molecular weight. However, this never happens in a synthetic polymer, since it is difficult to control the polymerization process up to a molecular level with accuracy to a hundred percent.
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 5, 2025

Sampling, Sorting, and Characterizing Microplastics in Aquatic Environments with High Suspended Sediment Loads and Large Floating Debris
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Sampling, Sorting, and Characterizing Microplastics in Aquatic Environments with High Suspended Sediment Loads and Large Floating Debris

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量化由于密度效应造成的微塑料分散.

Ben Stride1, Soroush Abolfathi1, Gary D Bending2

  • 1School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.

Journal of hazardous materials
|January 21, 2024
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

河流中的微塑料运输取决于聚合物密度和水的速度. 密度较高的微塑料在较低的河流速度下沉积,影响它们的命运和在水生环境中的潜在暴露.

关键词:
新出现的污染物污染物河流的水力系统.混合 混合 混合 混合聚合物的聚合物.沉积物运输是一种沉积物运输.

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科学领域:

  • 环境科学 环境科学
  • 聚合物科学 聚合物科学
  • 流体动力学 流体动力学

背景情况:

  • 微塑料是普遍存在的环境污染物.
  • 了解微塑料运输对于评估生态风险至关重要.
  • 以前的研究还没有完全阐明聚合物密度在水上运输中的作用.

研究的目的:

  • 研究聚合物密度对微塑料运输和水生流中的命运的影响.
  • 用密度和速度来量化微塑料的运动,这些密度和速度代表了自然河流.
  • 根据河流条件建立微塑料悬浮和沉积门.

主要方法:

  • 化学染色的微塑料 (PP,PE,PMMA,PEEK,PVC) 在实验室管道中进行了测试.
  • 使用自然河流速度 (0.016 - 0.361 m/s) 的溶液运输技术.
  • 测量了聚合物 (0.9 - 1.4 g/cm3) 的运动量,以模拟河流系统.

主要成果:

  • 微塑料通常表现出类似溶液的运输,除了PP.
  • 已建立的溶液运输模型成功预测了微塑料的行为.
  • 沉积和再悬浮与低于临界速度 (≤0.1m/s) 的聚合物密度有关.
  • 密集器微塑料沉积在道床上,遵循沉积物运输原理.

结论:

  • 聚合物密度在较低的河流速度下显著影响微塑料的命运.
  • 这项研究提供了第一个微塑料悬浮和沉积值.
  • 这些发现对于预测水生生态系统中的微塑料命运和生物暴露至关重要.