欧洲 Echinococcus multilocularis 的线粒体遗传多样性和系遗传关系
Azzurra Santoro1, Federica Santolamazza1, Simone M Cacciò2
1European Union Reference Laboratory for Parasites, Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; WHO Collaborating Centre for the Epidemiology, Detection and Control of Cystic and Alveolar Echinococcosis, Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
International journal for parasitology
|January 21, 2024
概括
对欧洲各地 Echinococcus multilocularis 分离物的遗传分析揭示了不同的大陆集群,并确定了一个亚洲类的单元型. 这一发现对于了解气泡状球菌菌病的传播至关重要.
科学领域:
- 寄生虫学的寄生虫学
- 分子流行病学分子流行病学
- 动物传播疾病 动物传播疾病
背景情况:
- 由 Echinococcus multilocularis 引起的状状菌是一种致命的动物性疾病,在北半球普遍存在.
- 红狐是主要的储存宿主,大大影响了这种疾病在欧洲的传播.
- 了解E. multilocularis分离物之间的遗传关系对于追踪其分散模式至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究19个欧洲国家的Echinococcus multilocularis分离物的遗传多样性.
- 在整个欧洲确定E. multilocularis的遗传关系和种群结构.
- 探索欧洲E. multilocularis种群中潜在的亚洲遗传变异的存在.
主要方法:
- 从227个E. multilocularis分离物中分析了五个线粒体基因 (cob,atp6,nad2,nad1,cox1) 的完整核酸序列.
- 根据4,968bp的线粒体DNA序列推断出43种不同的类型.
- 对来自不同欧洲地区不同宿主物种的遗传数据进行比较分析.
主要成果:
- 鉴定了43个独特的单元类型,其中四个主导的单元类型占隔离物的62.56%.
- 发现了一种广泛存在于大多数调查国家,除了挪威斯瓦尔巴德以外的广泛存在的哈普洛型.
- 对欧洲大陆的两个主要遗传集群的观察,分别对西欧/中欧/东欧和波罗的海/东北波兰进行分类.
- 在拉脱维亚和波兰东北地区检测到一种亚洲类型的哈普洛型,这表明了潜在的引入或历史存在.
结论:
- 欧洲 Echinococcus multilocularis 种群表现出显著的遗传结构,具有明显的区域集群.
- 一个亚洲类型的单元型的存在凸显了对E. multilocularis在欧洲的起源和引入进行进一步调查的需要.
- 需要进行额外的研究,特别是在样本不足的东欧地区,才能全面了解E. multilocularis的遗传变异性和分散性.
相关概念视频
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons
5.7K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
5.7K
Animal Mitochondrial Genetics
7.6K
Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...
7.6K
Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?
7.1K
The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
In contrast, regions which code...
7.1K
Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes
12.5K
The present-day mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have retained some of the characteristics of their ancestral prokaryotes and also have acquired new attributes during their evolution within eukaryotic cells. Like prokaryotic genomes, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes neither bind with histone-like proteins nor show complex packaging into chromosome-like structures, as observed in eukaryotes. Unlike mitotic cell divisions observed in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts...
12.5K


