诺巴比塔尔与奔二zepines对于治疗严重的酒精戒断的治疗
Katherine M Kessel1, Logan M Olson1, Derek A Kruse2
1Department of Pharmacy, Nebraska Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA.
The Annals of pharmacotherapy
|January 22, 2024
概括
与二相比,二显著减少了严重酒精戒断综合征 (SAWS) 的住院时间. 这项研究强调了巴比他作为SAWS管理的潜在优越治疗选择.
科学领域:
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 关键护理医学 关键护理医学
- 成 药物 药物 药物 药物
背景情况:
- 严重的酒精戒断综合征 (SAWS) 管理传统上涉及二.
- 芬诺巴比塔尔是一种潜在的替代品,具有备受争议的临床结果益处.
研究的目的:
- 在SAWS患者中,比较费诺巴比塔尔与二zepines的临床影响.
- 评估住院时间和其他关键护理结果的差异.
主要方法:
- 在2018年7月至2022年7月期间入院于慢性或重症监护病房 (ICU) 的患者的回顾性队列研究.
- 纳入标准:有 Delirium Tremens (DT) 或的病史,CIWA-Ar>15,或 PAWSS 分数≥4.4.
- 主要结局:住院时间 (LOS);次要结局:ICU LOS,辅助药物治疗和机械通风.
主要成果:
- 与类药物组 (98名患者) 相比,类药物组 (126名患者) 的医院中位数LOS (2.8 vs 4.7天) 和ICU LOS (0.7 vs 1.3天) 显著较短,相比于类药物组 (98名患者).
- 在费诺巴比塔尔组中观察到使用德克斯梅德托米丁和抗精神病药物的发病率较低.
- 费诺巴比塔尔组中较少的患者需要机械通风,尽管持续时间相似.
结论:
- 预定费诺巴比特与SAWS患者的医院LOS降低相关,而不是与二zepines相比.
- 这项研究提供了用于管理SAWS的易于实施的巴比塔尔协议的证据,表明改善了临床结果.
相关概念视频
CNS Depressants: Barbiturates and Benzodiazepines
271
CNS depressants include drugs from the category of barbiturates and benzodiazepines. They are valuable medications for managing anxiety disorders and insomnia. Barbiturates, once used to induce and maintain sleep, have been replaced mainly by benzodiazepines due to barbiturate's toxicity, tolerance, and overdose risks. They interact with GABAA receptors, leading to sedation at low doses and potentially coma and death at higher doses. Phenobarbital, a long-acting barbiturate, possesses...
271
Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Barbiturates
284
Sedatives and hypnotics encompass a drug class that acts on the central nervous system (CNS) to alleviate anxiety, promote relaxation and induce sleep.These drugs function by amplifying the actions of the neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), resulting in reduced neuronal activity. Barbiturates, a subset of sedatives and hypnotics first synthesized in the late 1800s, are categorized into ultra-short, short, intermediate, and long-acting groups based on their duration of effect. A...
284
Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Benzodiazepines
257
Benzodiazepines have both sedative and hypnotic properties. They include compounds such as diazepam (Valium) and alprazolam (Xanax). Structurally, their cores are similar, consisting of the fusion of a benzene ring and a diazepine ring, but they share a common mechanism of action in the central nervous system (CNS).
Benzodiazepines work by enhancing the effects of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA. They bind to the GABAA receptor, increasing its affinity for GABA, which opens chloride...
Benzodiazepines work by enhancing the effects of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA. They bind to the GABAA receptor, increasing its affinity for GABA, which opens chloride...
257
Anxiolytic Drugs: Benzodiazepines and Buspirone
776
Benzodiazepines are a class of anxiolytic drugs known for their rapid efficacy and high therapeutic-to-lethal dose ratio, but with a potential risk of drug dependence. These drugs are lipophilic, allowing for rapid absorption after oral administration, eventually reaching the central nervous system (CNS). Once in the CNS, benzodiazepines bind to the allosteric site of the GABAA receptor. This binding enhances the inhibitory effects of the neurotransmitter GABA. By doing so, they prevent...
776
Antiepileptic Drugs: GABAergic Pathway Potentiators
406
γ-aminobutyric acid or GABA, plays a pivotal role as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. GABA pathway potentiators, also known as GABAergic drugs, are a class of pharmaceutical agents designed to enhance the functioning of the GABAergic system. These medications primarily treat epilepsy, a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures.
The key GABA pathway potentiators used in epilepsy management are as follows.
Benzodiazepines are a well-known class of drugs used for...
The key GABA pathway potentiators used in epilepsy management are as follows.
Benzodiazepines are a well-known class of drugs used for...
406
Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents
176
Sedatives and hypnotics encompass a wide range of substances, each with its unique mechanism of action, uses, and potential adverse effects.
Melatonin congeners like ramelteon (Rozerem) and tasimelteon (Hetlioz) selectively bind to melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) and thus mimic the actions of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. Tasimelteon is primarily used for non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder, common in blind patients. They are also used to treat conditions like insomnia...
Melatonin congeners like ramelteon (Rozerem) and tasimelteon (Hetlioz) selectively bind to melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) and thus mimic the actions of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. Tasimelteon is primarily used for non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder, common in blind patients. They are also used to treat conditions like insomnia...
176


