在昆虫对昆虫感染中,囊泡性口炎病毒的Culicoides-Specific Fitness增加
Paula Rozo-Lopez1, Barbara S Drolet2
1Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
Insects
|January 22, 2024
概括
在昆虫细胞中适应的膀性口炎病毒 (VSV) 显示出增强的适应性,可通过Culicoides咬传播. 这种适应促进了中至中传播,影响了VSV的维护和疫情动态.
科学领域:
- 兽医病毒学 兽医病毒学
- 关节动物传播疾病 关节动物传播疾病
- 昆虫载体生物学 昆虫载体生物学
背景情况:
- 膀性口腔炎病毒 (VSV) 通过零星爆发在牲畜中造成重大经济损失.
- Culicoides咬是VSV流行病的关键生物载体,并可能通过性传播导致过冬.
- 昆虫载体内VSV适应对其传播适应性的作用尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 调查VSV在中间宿主中的传播是否会增加其适应同一载体中随后感染的适应性.
- 评估宿主细胞起源 (哺乳动物与昆虫) 对Culicoides sonorensis中的VSV感染动态和传播效率的影响.
主要方法:
- 在猪皮纤维细胞 (哺乳动物) 和Culicoides细胞系 (昆虫) 中传播了三种VSV分离物.
- 评估了Culicoides sonorensis在胸内注射和口服 (模拟自然养) 后的病毒感染动态.
- 对哺乳动物和昆虫衍生的VSV的定量病毒标位,感染率和传播率.
主要成果:
- 来自哺乳动物和昆虫的VSV在直接进入胸部时,在中间有效地复制,绕过中肠壁垒.
- 在口服获取后,与哺乳动物衍生的VSV相比,昆虫衍生的VSV的标位,感染率和传播率显著更高,这表明成功的中肠入侵和逃逸.
- 在Culicoides细胞中VSV复制增强了病毒适应性,以便在中间载体内感染和传播.
结论:
- 在Culicoides细胞中的VSV适应增加了其适应感染和在中间载体内复制的适应性.
- 增强的病毒适应性促进了有效的中间到中间的传播,这表明昆虫适应在VSV维护中起着至关重要的作用.
- Culicoides midges在VSV维护和传播动态方面具有重要意义,特别是通过它们支持和传播适应病毒菌株的能力.
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