澳大利亚老年人结核病:10年后回顾性审查
Yasmin Lisson1,2, Aparna Lal1, Ben J Marais3,4
1National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
Western Pacific surveillance and response journal : WPSAR
|January 22, 2024
概括
澳大利亚老年人 (≥65岁) 的结核病 (TB) 率低且稳定,主要影响最近的移民. 成功的治疗取决于年轻的年龄和避免诺基诺耐药性.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 老年病的医生 老年病的医生
背景情况:
- 结核病 (TB) 仍然是一个全球性的健康问题,对弱势群体产生重大影响.
- 老年人代表着一个日益增长的人口群体,面临着独特的健康挑战,包括对传染病的易感性增加.
- 了解这一年龄段的结核病流行病学对于有针对性的公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 描述65岁及以上澳大利亚人活跃结核病 (TB) 的流行病学.
- 确定与老年人结核病发生相关的因素.
- 分析影响这一群体结核病治疗成功结果的因素.
主要方法:
- 报到国家通报疾病监测系统 (2011-2020) 的结核病例的回顾性分析.
- 病例根据人口统计,危险因素,耐药性,治疗类型和结果进行了分层.
- 统计分析包括计算通知率,发病率比率,以及使用多变量逻辑回归来计算治疗成功因素.
主要成果:
- 在过去10年中,在老年人中报告了2231例结核病病例,平均发病率为每10万人中6.2例.
- 大多数病例是男性 (65%) 和海外出生的 (85%),平均年龄为75岁.
- 成功的治疗与年轻的年龄有关;不成功的治疗与到达2年内诊断,老年护理机构住院和诺基诺隆耐药性有关.
结论:
- 澳大利亚老年人结核病发病率低且稳定,主要发生在来自结核病流行地区的近期移民中.
- 针对老年移民结核病预防和管理的有针对性的战略至关重要.
- 持续关注移民健康和减少结核病进口对澳大利亚的公共卫生至关重要.
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