感觉不确定,尽管知道风险:患有强迫症的患者 (但不是对照者) 经历已知和未知的概率决策一样痛苦和不确定
Ryan J Jacoby1, Abigail Szkutak2, Jin Shin3
1Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge Street, Suite 2000, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
Journal of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders
|January 22, 2024
概括
患有强迫症 (OCD) 的患者经历了显著的痛苦和不确定性,即使他们得到了明确的风险信息. 这表明处理不确定性的核心问题,影响他们的决策和风险厌恶.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 强迫症 (OCD) 常常以冒险厌恶和避开为特征,但对强迫症风险厌恶的研究不一致.
- 对潜在结果的不确定性可能是影响强迫症患者决策的关键因素.
- 不确定性不耐受 (IU) 是一种潜在的强迫症症状的认知机制.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究强迫症患者的风险厌恶,使用具有已知与未知概率的任务.
- 检查自我报告的不容忍不确定性 (IU) 作为观察到效应的潜在调解者的作用.
- 为了比较强迫症患者和非精神病学对照 (NPC) 之间的决策,确定性和痛苦水平.
主要方法:
- 30名被诊断患有强迫症的患者和30名NPC在已知和未知的风险条件下完成了珠子任务.
- 珠子任务涉及到真正的金融风险,以模拟现实世界的决策场景.
- 测量了自我报告的不容忍不确定性和决策后的痛苦.
主要成果:
- 发现风险信息和群体状态之间的决定确定性的显著相互作用;强迫症患者报告的不确定性不管风险信息,不像NPCs.
- 强迫症组在所有条件下与NPC组相比,在做出决定后表现出明显更高的痛苦水平.
- 较高的特征IU得分与强迫症组中增加的与任务相关的痛苦相关.
结论:
- 患有强迫症的患者经历了持续的不确定性和痛苦,即使有明确的风险概率.
- 研究结果强调,对不确定性的不容忍是导致强迫症患者痛苦和决策困难的关键因素.
- 强迫症的临床干预应考虑解决高度的不确定性和风险回避,特别是在模两可的情况.
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