二次溶解物对约束平衡的双重影响:来自溶解物-反应物相互作用和溶解物-水相互作用的贡献
Daryl K Eggers1, Jennifer M Le1, Nhi T Nham1
1Department of Chemistry, San José State University, San José, California 95192-0101, United States.
ACS omega
|January 22, 2024
概括
二次溶液通过影响反应物的活性和溶剂的化学潜力来改变分子结合平衡. 增强结合的溶解物减少了溶解处罚,而削弱结合的溶解物增加了它们,影响了分子识别.
科学领域:
- 热力学是一种热力学.
- 物理化学 物理化学
- 生物物理化学 生物物理化学
背景情况:
- 水在分子结合平衡中起着至关重要的作用.
- 二次溶解物 (溶解物) 可以显著影响这些平衡,而不是最终产品的一部分.
- 了解溶剂效应是理解分子识别的关键.
研究的目的:
- 检查水在约束平衡中的作用,重点关注溶解效应.
- 开发和应用一个热力学框架,包括在结合时释放的水.
- 通过反应剂活性和溶剂化学潜力的变化,研究溶解物如何改变结合平衡.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个热力学框架,明确考虑结合过程中释放的水.
- 该框架应用于四个实验性的结合系统:Ca2+/EDTA,p-sulfonatocalix[4]arene/tetramethylammonium ion,cucurbit[7]uril/N-acetyl-phenylalanine-amide,以及β-cyclodextrin/adamantane carboxylate. 这四种结合系统包括:Ca2+/EDTA,p-sulfonatocalix[4]arene/tetramethylammonium ion,cucurbit[7]uril/N-acetyl-phenylalanine-amide,以及β-cyclodextrin/adamantane carboxylate. 这四种结合系统包括:
- 异热定位热量计被用来研究这些系统在25°C,在各种溶解物 (糖,尿素,三,酸盐) 的存在下.
主要成果:
- 增强结合的溶解剂通常会降低溶解自由能处罚 (ΔG^S).
- 削弱结合的溶解物通常会增加溶解自由能量损失 (ΔG^S).
- 阿达曼坦碳酸盐和β-环氧德林之间的非极性相互作用显示了接近零的ΔG^S值.
结论:
- 这项研究为了解可溶性物如何通过溶剂效应调节结合平衡提供了热力学基础.
- 这些发现突出了可溶质对溶解自由能量的差异影响,影响了分子识别.
- 结果表明,需要进一步探索水效应和像三糖这样的溶液的生物相容性.
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