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激活后性能增强 (PAPE) 增加了精英女排运动员的跳跃力
Rahel Heynen1, Micah Gross1, Thomas Betschen1
1Department of Elite Sport, Swiss Federal Institute of Sport Magglingen (SFISM), 2532 Magglingen, Switzerland.
Sports (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 22, 2024
概括
在女排运动员中研究了背和深度跳的后激活性能增强 (PAPE) 效应. 背最初减少了跳跃力,但六小时后显著提高了跳跃力,而深度下降显示了立即的中等增长.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 激活后性能增强 (PAPE) 是一种现象,在此之前的调节活动可以提高后续的爆炸性性能.
- 了解PAPE最佳的调节活动和恢复时间对于运动员训练计划至关重要.
- 精英女排球员的跳跃力是受训干预影响的关键性能指标.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究两种不同的调节活动的PAPE影响:背 (BS) 和深度下降 (DD).
- 检查不同恢复时间 (2分钟和6小时) 对PAPE的影响.
- 评估对女排精英运动员峰值跳跃功率 (PP) 的影响.
主要方法:
- 精英女排球员要么进行三组三重复的背 (85% 1RM),要么进行一组五次深度跳.
- 使用反运动跳跃 (CMJ) 和式跳跃 (SJ) 在三个时间点测量顶峰跳跃功率:测试前,活动后2分钟 (测试后1),活动后6小时 (测试后2).
- 进行了统计分析,以确定条件和时间点之间的PP显著差异.
主要成果:
- 背运动在活动后2分钟显著降低了PP,但在活动后6小时显著增加了PP,与测试前和活动后2分钟相比.
- 深度下降显著增加了PP在活动后6小时与前测试相比,在活动后2分钟没有显著差异.
- 当直接比较背和深度下降时,没有发现PAPE效应的显著差异;在背后6小时观察到最大的PAPE效应.
结论:
- 可以建议女性运动员进行空调活动,以提高跳跃表现.
- 六小时的恢复期似乎是最有效的观察显著的PAPE效应,特别是后背坐.
- 在实施培训方案之前,应评估个人对调节活动的反应.
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