在执行功能评估的神经心理学研究中"生态有效性"术语的概念化:系统性审查和呼吁采取行动
Yana Suchy1, Libby A DesRuisseaux1, Michelle Gereau Mora1
1Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS
|January 22, 2024
概括
执行功能 (EF) 测试中的生态有效性 (EV) 定义不一致,经常将现实世界的功能预测与任务相似性混为一谈. 这种模糊性阻碍了对EF测试实用性的解释.
科学领域:
- 神经心理学 神经心理学
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 心理测量 心理测量 心理测量
背景情况:
- 生态有效性 (EV) 对于评估神经心理测试在现实世界中的适用性至关重要.
- 在执行职能 (EF) 评估中,EV概念经常被应用,但其定义和应用缺乏一致性.
- 对EV的不一致的概念化可能导致对EF测试的临床实用性和可解释性的误解.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和分析生态有效性 (EV) 在执行功能 (EF) 测试研究中的概念化.
- 在环境环境评估的背景下,确定EV定义和应用中的不一致性.
- 为了澄清文献中赋予EV的各种含义.
主要方法:
- 在MEDLINE和PsychINFO数据库中的系统文献搜索.
- 遵守PRISMA指导方针进行研究选择.
- 对90篇选定的文章进行演性内容分析,以检查"生态有效性"一词的使用情况.
主要成果:
- 大约三分之一的研究通过测试预测功能结果的能力来定义EV.
- 另有三分之一的人通过预测能力和与现实世界的任务相似性来定义EV.
- 剩余的三分之一使用了与经典EV无关的不清楚的定义或概念,例如单独的任务相似性或诊断歧视.
结论:
- 在EF评估文献中对生态有效性的概念化是高度可变的,并且经常包含其他有效性概念.
- 这种术语不一致使得对EF测试的临床实用性进行解释变得复杂.
- 该领域应该优先考虑明确的EV定义或采用更精确的术语,如"标准有效性",以提高清晰度.
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