估计假设的酒精最低单位定价政策对酒精使用和死亡的影响:一个州例
Lauren Bertin1, Gregory Leung2, Michele K Bohm2,3
1Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
|January 22, 2024
概括
在密歇根州实施酒精最低单位价格 (MUP) 可以显著减少酒精消费,并防止每年数百人因酒精而死亡. 这一政策有望改善全国范围内的公共卫生.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
- 酒精研究 酒精研究
背景情况:
- 酒精最低单位价格 (MUP) 规定了酒精销售的最低价格.
- 在美国,MUP对与酒精有关的死亡率的影响仍未得到量化.
- 这项研究评估了密歇根州蒸烈酒的假设MUP政策.
研究的目的:
- 估计两种不同的蒸烈酒MUP政策对密歇根州酒精销售,消费和可归因死亡的影响.
- 在美国各州的背景下,量化评估MUP对公共健康的潜在益处.
主要方法:
- 使用国际酒精危害和政策模型工具进行估计.
- 在密歇根州 (2020年) 模拟每种标准饮料的40美分和45美分的MUP政策,用于场外烈酒销售.
- 分析了9,747种烈酒产品的销售数据,并纳入了其他饮料类型的交叉价格弹性.
主要成果:
- 一个40美分的MUP可以使人均酒精消费量减少2.6%,并防止每年232 (5.3%) 酒精死亡.
- 一个45美分的MUP可以减少3.9%的消费,并防止每年354 (8.1%) 的死亡,影响8.0%的烈酒.
- 这些发现表明,MUP具有显著的潜力来减少与酒精有关的危害.
结论:
- 在低价烈酒上适度的MUP实施可以在一个州每年挽救数百人的生命.
- 酒精MUP政策代表了一项可行的战略,以提高美国的公共卫生.
- 这些发现与世界卫生组织关于控制酒精的建议一致.
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