美国队奥运和残奥运动员的睡眠质量
Travis Anderson1,2, Natalia Galan-Lopez3, Lee Taylor3,4,5
1Division of Sports Medicine, United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee, Colorado Springs, CO, USA.
International journal of sports physiology and performance
|January 22, 2024
概括
精英运动员需要良好的睡眠来恢复和表现. 这项研究确定了睡眠质量参考范围,发现39.43%的运动员报告睡眠不良,特定群体需要有针对性的干预措施.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 睡眠医学 睡眠医学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 充足的睡眠对于精英运动员的恢复,表现准备和免疫功能至关重要.
- 为精英运动员建立规范性睡眠数据对于开发有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
- 匹兹堡睡眠质量指数 (PSQI) 是评估主观睡眠质量的广泛使用的工具.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用PSQI,为奥运会和残奥会运动员建立睡眠质量参考范围.
- 根据性别,运动类型和参加不同奥运会季节的睡眠质量差异进行调查.
- 为了确定有较高睡眠不足风险的运动员群体.
主要方法:
- 39.43%的美国队运动员 (N=1603) 完成了PSQI作为健康史问卷的一部分.
- 用描述性统计数据生成PSQI参考范围.
- 线性模型和千平方测试分析了基于性别,游戏,季节和运动类型的PSQI得分差异.
主要成果:
- 39.43%的运动员报告睡眠不良 (PSQI全球分数≥5).
- 一般来说,男性的睡眠质量比女性更好,睡觉时间较晚,但睡眠障碍和药物使用较少.
- 冬季奥运会运动员比夏季奥运会运动员晚睡觉时间和睡眠偏移. 与团队运动运动员相比,个人运动运动员更有可能经历睡眠时间的减少.
结论:
- 该研究为精英运动员提供了PSQI特定的参考范围.
- 这些范围可以帮助识别运动员和睡眠不足风险最大的群体.
- 基于这些发现,可以制定有针对性的睡眠干预措施,以改善运动员的健康和表现.
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