饮食蛋白质质量在中高收入国家的重要性
Paul J Moughan1, Victor L Fulgoni2, Robert R Wolfe3
1Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
The Journal of nutrition
|January 22, 2024
概括
饮食蛋白质质量甚至在发达国家也很重要. 即使总蛋白质摄入量充足,蛋白质质量较低也可能导致不足的可用蛋白质,特别是在某些群体.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 饮食评估 饮食评估
背景情况:
- 发达国家的成人蛋白质摄入量通常被认为是充足的,蛋白质质量被认为是次要的.
- 这项研究挑战了在高收入国家中蛋白质质量无关紧要的观点.
研究的目的:
- 研究饮食蛋白质质量与发达国家成年人实际蛋白质摄入量之间的关系.
- 评估不同蛋白质质量评分对可利用蛋白质摄入量充足性的影响.
主要方法:
- 美国国家健康和营养检查调查 (NHANES) 人口数据对美国蛋白质摄入量的分析.
- 使用可消化必需氨基酸评分 (DIAAS) 和估计平均需求 (EAR) 评估蛋白质摄入量充足度.
主要成果:
- 大约11%的美国成年人 (19-50岁) 的蛋白质摄入量低于EAR,22%的蛋白质摄入量低于建议的饮食补贴,DIAAS为100%.
- 降低假设的DIAAS显著增加了人口中可能不足的可利用蛋白质的比例.
- 蛋白质摄入量充足是老年人,素食主义者,素食主义者以及具有特定生理需求的个人 (例如减肥,运动员) 的关注点.
结论:
- 饮食蛋白质质量是中高收入国家营养充足的一个重要因素.
- 低质量的蛋白质可以加剧宏观营养素失衡的问题,特别是当能量摄入量受到限制时.
- 评估蛋白质质量对于确保各种人群和生理状态的适当蛋白质营养至关重要.
更多相关视频
03:35Determining Gender-Based Differences in Retinal and Choroidal Thickness in Underweight Individuals via Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography
Published on: December 1, 2023
298
12:38Using Caenorhabditis elegans as a Model System to Study Protein Homeostasis in a Multicellular Organism
Published on: December 18, 2013
6.1K
相关概念视频
Proteins: Dietary Sources and Requirements
447
Consuming animal-based products offers high-quality proteins that contain optimal levels and combinations of essential amino acids, crucial for tissue repair and growth. Foods like eggs, milk, fish, and most meats are a source of complete proteins. Legumes and cereals are abundant in proteins; however, they typically lack a full range of essential amino acids. As a result, they are considered incomplete protein sources. Some plant sources like soybeans, quinoa, and amaranth do contain complete...
447
Overview of Protein Metabolism
1.2K
Proteins are broken down into amino acids during digestion. Unlike fats and carbohydrates, which are stored for later use, proteins are not. Instead, amino acids are either used to produce ATP through oxidation or contribute to the creation of new proteins for the growth and repair of the body. Any surplus amino acids from the diet are converted into glucose or triglycerides rather than excreted.
Amino acids play various roles in the body once they are absorbed into cells. They are restructured...
Amino acids play various roles in the body once they are absorbed into cells. They are restructured...
1.2K
Protein Absorption
188
Proteins in the gastrointestinal tract typically come from food, but they can also originate from disintegrated cells or secreted enzymes. In the stomach, the enzyme pepsin breaks down these proteins into polypeptides. The fragments then move into the duodenum as a semi-fluid mass called chyme. Pancreatic proteases, such as trypsin and chymotrypsin, and intestinal brush border enzymes like carboxypeptidases further dismantle the polypeptides into tripeptides, dipeptides, and free amino acids.
188
Protein Folding Quality Check in the RER
3.7K
ER is the primary site for the maturation and folding of soluble and transmembrane secretory proteins. The calnexin cycle is a specific chaperone system that folds and assesses the confirmation of N-glycosylated proteins before they can exit the ER lumen. The primary players of this quality check pipeline are the lectins, ER-resident chaperones, and a glucosyl transferase enzyme. In case the calnexin system in the lumen fails to salvage a misfolded protein, it is transported to the cytoplasm...
3.7K
Protein Networks
4.0K
An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...
4.0K
Protein Digestion
103.7K
Protein digestion begins in the stomach, where the highly acidic environment can easily disrupt protein structure by exposing the peptide bonds of polypeptide chains. After polypeptide chains are broken into individual amino acids by a series of digestive enzymes, the amino acids are transported to the liver via the bloodstream to produce energy.
103.7K
